android基础学习_四大件之ContentProvider

学习好几年了，但是一直没有整理过自己学习的知识点，最近从中科创达离职了，现在复习下一下自己学习的内容。先从ContentProvider开始

android四大件 ContentProider/Service/Activity/BroadcaseReceiver

ContentProvider是android四大件之一，也是在数据存储中应用比较多的一个，主要是用来对面提供数据服务。

要使用一个ContentProvder首先要自己集成一个ContentProvider，并且实现对应的接口。这里主要是数据库的添加修改删除以及查询。（需要注意在onCreate方法里面创建数据库以及表结构，）

    public abstract @Nullable String getType(@NonNull Uri uri);

    public abstract @Nullable Uri insert(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable ContentValues values);

    public abstract int update(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable ContentValues values,
            @Nullable String selection, @Nullable String[] selectionArgs);

    public abstract int delete(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable String selection,
            @Nullable String[] selectionArgs);

    public abstract @Nullable Cursor query(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable String[] projection,
            @Nullable String selection, @Nullable String[] selectionArgs,
            @Nullable String sortOrder);

       

定义Uri的类型型，并且在getType中返回定影的类型

   vnd.android.cursor.item/content_uri
   vnd.android.cursor.dir/content_uri

   对外服务的Content_Uri ，需要注意在ContentProvider中以及AndroidManifest中声明这个provider。这个contentUri就像网址一样，当提供uri以后系统就会查找到对应的这ContentProvider

        <provider
            android:authorities="com.kunlamp.bookmanager"
            android:name=".BookProvider"/>

     使用ContentProvider时候需要注意更新查找数据时候提供对应的条件以及参数

    public abstract @Nullable Cursor query(@NonNull Uri uri, @Nullable String[] projection,
            @Nullable String selection, @Nullable String[] selectionArgs,

    例如 

   uri 是query时候的uri

   projection 表结构对应的列

   selection和selectionArgs是查询条件 也是sql语句中的where条件

添加了一个自定义的contentprovider文件，可以用来参考一下

package note.com.notemanager;

import android.content.ContentProvider;
import android.content.ContentUris;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.UriMatcher;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.util.Log;

/**
 * Created by ts on 2/15/17.
 */

public class BookProvider extends ContentProvider {

    private final String TAG = "BookProvider";

    static public final String mAuthority = "com.kunlamp.bookmanager";
    static public final String BOOKPATH = "book/#";
    static public final String BOOKCOLLECTONPATH = "book";
//    static public final String CONTENT_URI = mAuthority + BOOKCOLLECTONPATH;
    static public final Uri CONTENT_URI = Uri.parse("content://" + mAuthority + "/" + BOOKCOLLECTONPATH);
    static final private int BOOK = 2;
    static final private int BOOKCOLLECTION = 3;

    private static final UriMatcher mBookMatcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
    static {
        mBookMatcher.addURI(mAuthority, BOOKCOLLECTONPATH, BOOKCOLLECTION); //Muti
        mBookMatcher.addURI(mAuthority, BOOKPATH, BOOK);  //Signle
    }

    BookDatabaseHelper mBookDbHelper = null;

    final int ERROR = -1;
    @Override
    public boolean onCreate() {

        mBookDbHelper = new BookDatabaseHelper(this.getContext());

        return false;
    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projections, String selection, String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {

        SQLiteDatabase db = mBookDbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        db.beginTransaction();

        int matchId = mBookMatcher.match(uri);
        Log.d(TAG, " sssss query cursor = " + matchId);

        Cursor cursor = null;
        switch (matchId) {
            case BOOK: {
            } break;
            case BOOKCOLLECTION: {
//                cursor =db.rawQuery("select * from " + BookInfo.TABLE_BOOK + ";", null);
                cursor =db.query(BookInfo.TABLE_BOOK,projections,selection,selectionArgs,null,null,null);
            }

            default:
        }
        db.endTransaction();
        Log.d(TAG, " sssss query cursor = " + cursor);

        return cursor;
    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public String getType(Uri uri) {

        switch (mBookMatcher.match(uri)) {
            case BOOK: {
                return "vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.bookmanager.book";
            }
            case BOOKCOLLECTION: {
                return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.bookmanager.book";
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues contentValues) {
        Log.d(TAG, " sssssinsert uri = " + uri);
        Log.d(TAG, " sssss contentValues = " + contentValues);

        SQLiteDatabase db = mBookDbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        long insert_id = db.insert("book", null, contentValues);
//        String sql =" insert into " + BookInfo.TABLE_BOOK + "( "+ BookInfo.BOOKID + "," + BookInfo.BOOKNAME + ")" +
//                "values(\"" + contentValues.getAsString(BookInfo.BOOKID) +   "\",\"" +contentValues.getAsString(BookInfo.BOOKNAME) + "\");";
//        Log.d(TAG, " sssss insert sql  = " + sql);
//
//        db.rawQuery(sql, null);
        Log.d(TAG, " sssss insert_id = " + insert_id);

        Uri result = ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri,insert_id);

        getContext().getContentResolver().notifyChange(result, null);
        Log.d(TAG, " sssss result = " + result);
        return result;
    }

    @Override
    public int delete(Uri uri, String whereClause, String[] whereArgs) {
        Log.d(TAG, " delete uri = " + uri + "whereClause = " + whereClause + " , whereArgs = " + whereArgs);
        SQLiteDatabase db = mBookDbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        return db.delete(BookInfo.TABLE_BOOK,whereClause,whereArgs);
    }

    @Override
    public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues contentValues, String whereClause, String[] whereArgs) {
        Log.d(TAG, " update contentValues = " + contentValues + "whereClause = " + whereClause + " , whereArgs = " + whereArgs);
        SQLiteDatabase db = mBookDbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        int count = db.update(BookInfo.TABLE_BOOK,contentValues,whereClause,whereArgs);
        Log.d(TAG, " update count = " + count);
        return count;
    }
}