Jsp和Javascript读写cookie，cookie的path设置，jsp解码cookie值

最新推荐文章于 2021-11-17 22:01:46 发布

kunlun122

最新推荐文章于 2021-11-17 22:01:46 发布

阅读量2.9k

点赞数

分类专栏： Java Web 文章标签： javascript cookie jsp path 解码

Java Web 专栏收录该内容

3 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

cookie的基础知识就不介绍了，自己去百度。

一、jsp读写cookie

jsp写cookie的代码如下：

Cookie cookie1 = new Cookie("historyCity", Escape.escape(historyCity));
cookie1.setMaxAge(700*24*60*60);
cookie1.setPath("/");
response.addCookie(cookie1);

jsp读取cookie的代码如下：

String historyCity  ="";
Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();
 
 // 遍历数组,获得具体的Cookie
if(cookies != null){
	for(int i=0; i<cookies.length; i++) {
	   Cookie cookie = cookies[i];
	   if("historyCity".equals(cookie.getName())){		    	
		historyCity = cookie.getValue();
		historyCity = Escape.unescape(historyCity);			   
	   }
	}
}

里面用到了Escape类的escape方法和unescape方法，如果不使用这两个方法的话，jsp从cookie里面读取出来的值时如下格式：

%u9EC4%u4FEE%u7FA4，

jsp使用java.net.URIDecoder.decode()方法，则出现解码错误：

2010-5-19 15:28:03 org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher invoke
严重: Servlet.service() for servlet jsp threw exception
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: URLDecoder: Illegal hex characters in escape (%) pattern - For input string: "u9"
 at java.net.URLDecoder.decode(URLDecoder.java:173)

由于取到的参数是 u9EC4%u4FEE%u7FA4格式的，没法用常规的URLDecoder.decode()来进行解码，还好，这世上的牛人够多，在网上直接找到了一个工具类，能实现 Javascript中escape()及unescape()式的编解码，源代码如下：

/**
 * JavaScript escape/unescape 编码的 Java 实现
 * author jackyz
 * keep this copyright info while using this method by free
 */
public class Escape {
    private final static String[] hex = {
        "00","01","02","03","04","05","06","07","08","09","0A","0B","0C","0D","0E","0F",
        "10","11","12","13","14","15","16","17","18","19","1A","1B","1C","1D","1E","1F",
        "20","21","22","23","24","25","26","27","28","29","2A","2B","2C","2D","2E","2F",
        "30","31","32","33","34","35","36","37","38","39","3A","3B","3C","3D","3E","3F",
        "40","41","42","43","44","45","46","47","48","49","4A","4B","4C","4D","4E","4F",
        "50","51","52","53","54","55","56","57","58","59","5A","5B","5C","5D","5E","5F",
        "60","61","62","63","64","65","66","67","68","69","6A","6B","6C","6D","6E","6F",
        "70","71","72","73","74","75","76","77","78","79","7A","7B","7C","7D","7E","7F",
        "80","81","82","83","84","85","86","87","88","89","8A","8B","8C","8D","8E","8F",
        "90","91","92","93","94","95","96","97","98","99","9A","9B","9C","9D","9E","9F",
        "A0","A1","A2","A3","A4","A5","A6","A7","A8","A9","AA","AB","AC","AD","AE","AF",
        "B0","B1","B2","B3","B4","B5","B6","B7","B8","B9","BA","BB","BC","BD","BE","BF",
        "C0","C1","C2","C3","C4","C5","C6","C7","C8","C9","CA","CB","CC","CD","CE","CF",
        "D0","D1","D2","D3","D4","D5","D6","D7","D8","D9","DA","DB","DC","DD","DE","DF",
        "E0","E1","E2","E3","E4","E5","E6","E7","E8","E9","EA","EB","EC","ED","EE","EF",
        "F0","F1","F2","F3","F4","F5","F6","F7","F8","F9","FA","FB","FC","FD","FE","FF"
    };
    private final static byte[] val = {
        0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,
        0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,
        0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,
        0x00,0x01,0x02,0x03,0x04,0x05,0x06,0x07,0x08,0x09,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,
        0x3F,0x0A,0x0B,0x0C,0x0D,0x0E,0x0F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,
        0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,
        0x3F,0x0A,0x0B,0x0C,0x0D,0x0E,0x0F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,
        0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,
        0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,
        0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,
        0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,
        0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,
        0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,
        0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,
        0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,
        0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F
    };
    public static String escape(String s) {
        StringBuffer sbuf = new StringBuffer();
        int len = s.length();
        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            int ch = s.charAt(i);
            if (ch == ' ') {                        // space : map to '+' 
                sbuf.append('+');
            } else if ('A' <= ch && ch <= 'Z') {    // 'A'..'Z' : as it was
                sbuf.append((char)ch);
            } else if ('a' <= ch && ch <= 'z') {    // 'a'..'z' : as it was
                sbuf.append((char)ch);
            } else if ('0' <= ch && ch <= '9') {    // '0'..'9' : as it was
                sbuf.append((char)ch);
            } else if (ch == '-' || ch == '_'       // unreserved : as it was
                || ch == '.' || ch == '!'
                || ch == '~' || ch == '*'
                || ch == '/' || ch == '('
                || ch == ')') {
                sbuf.append((char)ch);
            } else if (ch <= 0x007F) {              // other ASCII : map to %XX
                sbuf.append('%');
                sbuf.append(hex[ch]);
            } else {                                // unicode : map to %uXXXX
                sbuf.append('%');
                sbuf.append('u');
                sbuf.append(hex[(ch >>> 8)]);
                sbuf.append(hex[(0x00FF & ch)]);
            }
       }
        return sbuf.toString();
    }
    public static String unescape(String s) {
        StringBuffer sbuf = new StringBuffer();
        int i = 0;
        int len = s.length();
        while (i < len) {
            int ch = s.charAt(i);
            if (ch == '+') {                        // + : map to ' ' 
                sbuf.append(' ');
            } else if ('A' <= ch && ch <= 'Z') {    // 'A'..'Z' : as it was
                sbuf.append((char)ch);
            } else if ('a' <= ch && ch <= 'z') {    // 'a'..'z' : as it was
                sbuf.append((char)ch);
            } else if ('0' <= ch && ch <= '9') {    // '0'..'9' : as it was
                sbuf.append((char)ch);
            } else if (ch == '-' || ch == '_'       // unreserved : as it was
                || ch == '.' || ch == '!'
                || ch == '~' || ch == '*'
                || ch == '/' || ch == '('
                || ch == ')') {
                sbuf.append((char)ch);
            } else if (ch == '%') {
                int cint = 0;
                if ('u' != s.charAt(i+1)) {         // %XX : map to ascii(XX)
                    cint = (cint << 4) | val[s.charAt(i+1)];
                    cint = (cint << 4) | val[s.charAt(i+2)];
                    i+=2;
                } else {                            // %uXXXX : map to unicode(XXXX)
                    cint = (cint << 4) | val[s.charAt(i+2)];
                    cint = (cint << 4) | val[s.charAt(i+3)];
                    cint = (cint << 4) | val[s.charAt(i+4)];
                    cint = (cint << 4) | val[s.charAt(i+5)];
                    i+=5;
                }
                sbuf.append((char)cint);
            }
            i++;
        }
        return sbuf.toString();
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String stest = "黄修群1234 abcd[]()<+>,.~//";
        System.out.println(stest);
        System.out.println(escape(stest));
        System.out.println(unescape(escape(stest)));
    }
}

二、Javascript读写cookie

//添加cookie
 setCookie = function(c_name, value, expiredays) {
	var exdate = new Date()
	exdate.setDate(exdate.getDate() + expiredays)
	cookieVal = c_name + "=" + escape(value)
			+ ((expiredays == null) ? "" : ";expires=" + exdate.toGMTString()+";path=/");
	//    alert(cookieVal);
	document.cookie = cookieVal;
}
//获取cookie
function getCookie(c_name) {
	if (document.cookie.length > 0) {
		c_start = document.cookie.indexOf(c_name + "=")
		if (c_start != -1) {
			c_start = c_start + c_name.length + 1
			c_end = document.cookie.indexOf(";", c_start)
			if (c_end == -1)
				c_end = document.cookie.length
				//        document.write(document.cookie.substring(c_start,c_end)+"<br>");
			return unescape(document.cookie.substring(c_start, c_end))
		}
	}
	return ""
}

下面讲讲cookie的跨域操作

正常的cookie只能在一个应用中共享，即一个cookie只能由创建它的应用获得。
1.可在同一应用服务器内共享方法：设置cookie.setPath("/");
    本机tomcat/webapp下面有两个应用：cas和webapp_b，
    1）原来在cas下面设置的cookie，在webapp_b下面获取不到，path默认是产生cookie的应用的路径。
    2）若在cas下面设置cookie的时候，增加一条cookie.setPath("/");或者cookie.setPath("/webapp_b/");就可以在webapp_b下面获取到cas设置的cookie了。
    3）此处的参数，是相对于应用服务器存放应用的文件夹的根目录而言的(比如tomcat下面的webapp)，因此cookie.setPath("/");之后，可以在webapp文件夹下的所有应用共享cookie，而cookie.setPath("/webapp_b/");是指cas应用设置的cookie只能在webapp_b应用下的获得，即便是产生这个cookie的cas应用也不可以。
    4）设置cookie.setPath("/webapp_b/jsp")或者cookie.setPath("/webapp_b/jsp/")的时候，只有在webapp_b/jsp下面可以获得cookie，在webapp_b下面但是在jsp文件夹外的都不能获得cookie。
    5）设置cookie.setPath("/webapp_b");，是指在webapp_b下面才可以使用cookie，这样就不可以在产生cookie的应用cas下面获取cookie了
    6）有多条cookie.setPath("XXX");语句的时候，起作用的以最后一条为准。
    6）设置多个path的方法？？？

2.跨域共享cookie的方法：设置cookie.setDomain(".jszx.com");
    A机所在的域：home.langchao.com,A有应用cas
    B机所在的域：jszx.com，B有应用webapp_b
    1）在cas下面设置cookie的时候，增加cookie.setDomain(".jszx.com");，这样在webapp_b下面就可以取到cookie。
    2）这个参数必须以“.”开始。
    3）输入url访问webapp_b的时候，必须输入域名才能解析。比如说在A机器输入：http://lc-bsp.jszx.com:8080/webapp_b,可以获取cas在客户端设置的cookie，而B机器访问本机的应用，输入：http://localhost:8080/webapp_b则不可以获得cookie。
    4）设置了cookie.setDomain(".jszx.com");，还可以在默认的home.langchao.com下面共享。
    5）设置多个域的方法？？？