C#中关于泛型方法和泛型委托的示例代码

在C#中除了可以定义泛型类外，我们还可以定义泛型方法和泛型委托。

在泛型方法中，泛型类型用方法声明来定义。

代码如下：

#region Using directives using System; using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; #endregion namespace GenericMethodDemo { public static class Algorithm { // 1. no operators with generics // public static T Max<T>(T x, T y) // { // if (x > y) // return x; // else // return y; // } public static T Max<T>(T x, T y, Comparison<T> comparer) { int result = comparer(x, y); return result > 0 ? x : y; } public static decimal AccumulateSimple(IEnumerable e) { decimal sum = 0; foreach (Account a in e) { sum += a.Balance; } return sum; } public static decimal Accumulate<T, U>(U coll) where U : IEnumerable<T> where T : IAccount { decimal sum = 0; foreach (T a in coll) { sum += a.Balance; } return sum; } public static decimal Accumulate<TAccount>(IEnumerable<TAccount> coll) where TAccount : IAccount { decimal sum = 0; foreach (TAccount a in coll) { sum += a.Balance; } return sum; } public delegate U Adder<T, U>(T t, U u); public static U Accumulate<T, U>(IEnumerable<T> coll, Adder<T, U> adder) { U sum = default(U); foreach (T a in coll) { sum = adder(a, sum); } return sum; } public static U AccumulateIf<T, U>(IEnumerable<T> coll, Adder<T, U> adder, Predicate<T> match) { U sum = default(U); foreach (T a in coll) { if (match(a)) { sum = adder(a, sum); } } return sum; } } public class Account : IAccount { private string name; public string Name { get { return name; } } private decimal balance; public decimal Balance { get { return balance; } } public Account(string name, Decimal balance) { this.name = name; this.balance = balance; } } class Program { static int Compare(int x, int y) { if (x == y) return 0; else if (x < y) return -1; else return 1; } static decimal AccountAdder(Account a, decimal d) { return a.Balance + d; } static void Main(string[] args) { int i = 3; int j = 4; int result = Algorithm.Max<int>(i, j, new Comparison<int>(Program.Compare)); List<Account> accounts = new List<Account>(); accounts.Add(new Account("Christian", 1500)); accounts.Add(new Account("Sharon", 2200)); accounts.Add(new Account("Katie", 1800)); foreach (Account a in accounts) { Console.WriteLine(a.Name); } decimal sum1 = Algorithm.AccumulateSimple(accounts); Console.WriteLine(sum1); decimal sum2 = Algorithm.Accumulate(accounts); Console.WriteLine("sum of all accounts {0}", Algorithm.Accumulate<Account>(accounts)); decimal sum3 = Algorithm.Accumulate<Account, decimal>(accounts, new Algorithm.Adder<Account, decimal>(AccountAdder)); Console.WriteLine(sum3); decimal sum3b = Algorithm.Accumulate<Account, decimal>(accounts, AccountAdder); Console.WriteLine("3b " + sum3b); decimal sum4 = Algorithm.Accumulate<Account, decimal>(accounts, delegate(Account a, decimal d) { return a.Balance + d; }); Console.WriteLine(sum4); decimal sum5 = Algorithm.AccumulateIf<Account, decimal>( accounts, delegate(Account a, decimal d) { return a.Balance + d; }, delegate(Account a) {return a.Balance > 1800 ? true : false; }); Console.WriteLine(sum5); Console.ReadLine(); } } }

 

注意：

在C#2.0中，where子句的一个重要限制是，它不能定义必须由泛型类型实现的运算符。

运算符不能在接口中定义。使用where子句，只能定义基类，接口和默认构造函数。