ls 命令颜色

方法1：

文本界面下，红帽用蓝色作为ls的目录的颜色，配合他的黑色背景，感觉太暗了，看不清。

改成别的颜色的方法：

首先

# vi /etc/DIR_COLORS

内的设定“DIR 01；34”，为ls命令的目录的颜色设置，01表示粗体，34表示字体蓝色。

我把它改成了“DIR 01；37；44”，37是字体白色，44是字背景蓝色，视觉效果还可以，而且习惯上也能接受。

然后，执行

# eval `dircolors /etc/DIR_COLORS`

注意命令中的`符号为键盘~符号下面的那个，别弄错了。

再执行ls命令看效果应该就不再那么难以辨认了。

方法2：

Here is an easy way to set different colours for different kinds of files when using the ls command.

Add the following lines to the bottom of your ~/.bashrc file -

alias ls='ls --color'
LS_COLORS='di=1:fi=0:ln=31:pi=5:so=5:bd=5:cd=5:or=31:mi=0:ex=35:*.rpm=90'
export LS_COLORS

The first line makes ls use the --color parameter by default, which tells ls to display files in different colours based on the setting of the LS_COLORS variable.

The second line is the tricky one, and what I have worked out so far has been by trial and error. The parameters (di, fi, etc.) refer to different Linux file types. I have worked them out as shown

di = directory
fi = file
ln = symbolic link
pi = fifo file
so = socket file
bd = block (buffered) special file
cd = character (unbuffered) special file
or = symbolic link pointing to a non-existent file (orphan)
mi = non-existent file pointed to by a symbolic link (visible when you type ls -l)
ex = file which is executable (ie. has 'x' set in permissions).

The *.rpm=90 parameter at the end tells ls to display any files ending in .rpm in the specified colour, in this case colour 90 (dark grey). This can be applied to any types of files (eg. you could use '*.png=35' to make jpeg files appear purple.) As many or as few parameters as you like can go into the LS_COLORS variable, as long as the parameters are separated by colons.

Using trial and error (and a little bash script I wrote... my first one ever! :) I worked out all the colour codes, at least my interpretation of them -

0   = default colour
1   = bold
4   = underlined
5   = flashing text
7   = reverse field
31 = red
32 = green
33 = orange
34 = blue
35 = purple
36 = cyan
37 = grey
40 = black background
41 = red background
42 = green background
43 = orange background
44 = blue background
45 = purple background
46 = cyan background
47 = grey background
90 = dark grey
91 = light red
92 = light green
93 = yellow
94 = light blue
95 = light purple
96 = turquoise
100 = dark grey background
101 = light red background
102 = light green background
103 = yellow background
104 = light blue background
105 = light purple background
106 = turquoise background

These can even be combined, so that a parameter like:
di=5;31;42
in your LS_COLORS variable would make directories appear in flashing red text with a green background!

Setting LS_COLORS does more than just make your ls listings look pretty (although it certainly does do that), it is also very helpful in identifying files while wading through a file system.