Hibernate

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-19 19:59:34 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-07-19 19:59:34 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/kushanmao/article/details/50783477

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什么是ORM

ORM(Object/Relation Mapping): 对象/关系映射

什么是Hibernate

1、Hibernate是java领域的一款开源的ORM框架技术

2、Hibernate对JDBC进行了非常轻量级的对象封装

Hibernate第一个小案例

1、在src下创建一个Hibernate配置文件，xxx.cfg.xml文件，用于与数据库的有关操作

    <session-factory>
        <property name="connection.username">root</property>
        <property name="connection.password"></property>
        <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
        <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql:///hibernate?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=gbk</property>
        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>

        <property name="show_sql">true</property>
        <property name="format_sql">true</property>
        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>

        <mapping resource="Students.hbm.xml"/>
    </session-factory>

2、创建 持久化类

原则：

持久化类遵循javabean原则

1、共有类

2、提供共有不带参数的默认的构造方法

3、属性私有

4、属性setter/getter封装

示例

import java.util.Date;

//学生类
public class Students {

    // 持久化类遵循javabean原则
    // 1、共有类
    // 2、提供共有不带参数的默认的构造方法
    // 3、属性私有
    // 4、属性setter/getter封装

    private int sid;// 学号
    private String sname;// 姓名
    private String genter;// 性别
    private Date birthday;// 出生日期
    private String address;// 地址

    public Students() {

    }

    public Students(int sid, String sname, String genter, Date birthday,
            String address) {
        // super();
        this.sid = sid;
        this.sname = sname;
        this.genter = genter;
        this.birthday = birthday;
        this.address = address;
    }

    public int getSid() {
        return sid;
    }

    public void setSid(int sid) {
        this.sid = sid;
    }

    public String getSname() {
        return sname;
    }

    public void setSname(String sname) {
        this.sname = sname;
    }

    public String getGenter() {
        return genter;
    }

    public void setGenter(String genter) {
        this.genter = genter;
    }

    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Students [sid=" + sid + ", sname=" + sname + ", genter="
                + genter + ", birthday=" + birthday + ", address=" + address
                + "]";
    }

}

3、在src下创建xxx.hbm.xml文件

文件自动生成代码

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 2016-3-1 19:55:09 by Hibernate Tools 3.4.0.CR1 -->
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="Students" table="STUDENTS">
        //id标签默认为唯一主键约束
        <id name="sid" type="int">
            <column name="SID" />
            <generator class="assigned" />
        </id>
        <property name="sname" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="SNAME" />
        </property>
        <property name="genter" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="GENTER" />
        </property>
        <property name="birthday" type="java.util.Date">
            <column name="BIRTHDAY" />
        </property>
        <property name="address" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="ADDRESS" />
        </property>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

4、创建一个源文件夹test,在该文件夹下创建测试类

import java.util.Date;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

//测试类
public class StudentsTest {

    private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
    private Session session;
    private Transaction transaction;

    @Before
    public void init() {
        //创建配置对象
        Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();
        //创建服务注册对象
        ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(config.getProperties()).buildServiceRegistry();
        //创建会话工厂对象
        sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
        //会话对象
        session = sessionFactory.openSession();
        //开启事务
        transaction = session.beginTransaction();
    }

    @After
    public void destory() {
        transaction.commit();//提交事务
        session.close();//关闭会话
        sessionFactory.close();//关闭会话工厂
    }

    @Test
    public void testSaveStudents() {
        Students s = new Students(1,"张三丰","男",new Date(),"武当山");
        System.out.println(s.toString());
        session.save(s);
    }
}