转载 Head_armv.S分析

说明

    这个文件是arch/arm/kernel/head-armv.S，用汇编代码完成，是内核最先执行的一个文件。这一段汇编代码的主要作用，是检查cpu id，architecture number，初始化页表、cpu、bbs等操作，并跳到start_kernel函数。它在执行前，处理器的状态应满足：

l        r0      - should be 0

l        r1      - unique architecture number

l        MMU     - off

l        I-cache - on or off

l        D-cache – off

3.2 流程

3.3 代码详细注释

    （略去一些条件编译的代码）

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/*

 * We place the page tables 16K below TEXTADDR.  Therefore, we must make sure

 * that TEXTADDR is correctly set.  Currently, we expect the least significant

 * "short" to be 0x8000, but we could probably relax this restriction to

 * TEXTADDR > PAGE_OFFSET + 0x4000

 *

 * Note that swapper_pg_dir is the virtual address of the page tables, and

 * pgtbl gives us a position-independent reference to these tables.  We can

 * do this because stext == TEXTADDR

 *

 * swapper_pg_dir, pgtbl and krnladr are all closely related.

 */

#if (TEXTADDR & 0xffff) != 0x8000

#error TEXTADDR must start at 0xXXXX8000

#endif

 

              .globl      SYMBOL_NAME(swapper_pg_dir)

              .equ SYMBOL_NAME(swapper_pg_dir), TEXTADDR - 0x4000

 

              .macro    pgtbl, reg, rambase

              adr   /reg, stext

              sub  /reg, /reg, #0x4000

              .endm

 

/*

 * Since the page table is closely related to the kernel start address, we

 * can convert the page table base address to the base address of the section

 * containing both.

 */

              .macro    krnladr, rd, pgtable, rambase

              bic   /rd, /pgtable, #0x000ff000

              .endm

 

/*

 *  Kernel startup entry point.

 *

 * The rules are:

 *  r0      - should be 0

 *  r1      - unique architecture number

 *  MMU     - off

 *  I-cache - on or off

 *  D-cache - off

 *

 * See linux/arch/arm/tools/mach-types for the complete list of numbers

 * for r1.

 */

              .section ".text.init",#alloc,#execinstr

              .type       stext, #function

ENTRY(stext)  //内核入口点

              mov r12, r0  //r0＝0，r12＝0

mov r0, #F_BIT | I_BIT | MODE_SVC@ make sure svc mode//程序状态，禁止FIQ、IRQ，设定Supervisor模式。0b11010011

              msr  cpsr_c, r0                    @ and all irqs disabled//置当前程序状态寄存器

              bl     __lookup_processor_type//跳转到判断cpu类型，查找运行的cpu的id值，和

//此linux编译支持的id值，是否有相等

              teq   r10, #0                         @ invalid processor?//没有则跳到__error

              moveq     r0, #'p'                  @ yes, error 'p'

              beq  __error

              bl     __lookup_architecture_type//跳转到判断体系类型，看r1寄存器的

//architecture number值是否支持。

              teq   r7, #0                           @ invalid architecture? //不支持，跳到出错

              moveq     r0, #'a'                  @ yes, error 'a'

              beq  __error

              bl     __create_page_tables//创建核心页表

              adr   lr, __ret                 @ return address//lr=0xc0028054

              add  pc, r10, #12      @ initialise processor//r10：pointer to processor structure

                                                                             //（__arm720_proc_info）

                                                                             //r10＋12：__arm720_setup；见

//__arm720_proc_info（proc-arm720.S）

『__arm720_setup: mov  r0, #0

                   mcr   p15, 0, r0, c7, c7, 0            @ invalidate caches

                   mcr   p15, 0, r0, c8, c7, 0            @ flush TLB (v4)

                   mcr   p15, 0, r4, c2, c0                 @ load page table pointer

//cp15寄存器1(ttb)＝0xc0024000

                   mov  r0, #0x 1f                      @ Domains 0, 1 = client

                   mcr   p15, 0, r0, c3, c0                 @ load domain access register

 

                   mrc   p15, 0, r0, c1, c0                 @ get control register//r0＝0x70

                   bic    r0, r0, #0x0e00                            @ ..V. ..RS BLDP WCAM//bit[11:9]=0

                                                                                                                                   r0＝0x00000070

                   orr    r0, r0, #0x2100                            @ .... .... .111 .... (old) //r0＝0x00002170

                   orr    r0, r0, #0x003d                            @ ..1. ..01 ..11 1101 (new) //r0＝0x0000217d

其中S  LDPWC  M位置1。

（详见cp15寄存器1说明）

                                                                                                                        

                   mov  pc, lr                                     @ __ret (head-armv.S)

』

                                                 @ (return control reg)

.type       __switch_data, %object

__switch_data:       .long       __mmap_switched

              .long       SYMBOL_NAME(__bss_start)

              .long       SYMBOL_NAME(_end)

              .long       SYMBOL_NAME(processor_id)

              .long       SYMBOL_NAME(__machine_arch_type)

              .long       SYMBOL_NAME(cr_alignment)

              .long       SYMBOL_NAME(init_task_union)+8192

 

              .type       __ret, %function

__ret:             ldr   lr, __switch_data

              mcr p15, 0, r0, c1, c0//更新控制寄存器cp15寄存器1＝0x0000217d

 

              mov r0, r0

              mov r0, r0

              mov r0, r0

              mov pc, lr//__switch_data

 

              /*

               * This code follows on after the page

               * table switch and jump above.