【Java-II】多线程详解 P18-19（Day16-20210715-Day4）

线程同步

发生在多个线程操作同一个资源

线程同步机制

三大不安全案理

每个线程都有自己的工作内存

Case1：买票

package threadLearn.syn;

//不安全的买票
public class UnsafeBuyTicket{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BuyTicket buyTicket = new BuyTicket();

        new Thread(buyTicket,"苦逼的我").start();
        new Thread(buyTicket,"牛逼的你们").start();
        new Thread(buyTicket,"可恶的黄牛").start();
    }

}
class BuyTicket implements Runnable{
    //票
    private int ticketNums=10;
    boolean flag=true;//外部停止方式

    @Override
    public void run() {
        //买票
        while (flag){
            buy();
        }

    }

    private void buy(){
        //判断是否有票
        if (ticketNums<=0){
            flag=false;
            return;
        }
        //模拟延时 放大问题的发生性
        try {
            Thread.sleep(100);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        //买票
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"买到了"+ticketNums--);
    }
}

输出

牛逼的你们买到了10
可恶的黄牛买到了9
苦逼的我买到了10
苦逼的我买到了8
牛逼的你们买到了7
可恶的黄牛买到了6
可恶的黄牛买到了5
牛逼的你们买到了4
苦逼的我买到了3
可恶的黄牛买到了2
牛逼的你们买到了1
苦逼的我买到了0
可恶的黄牛买到了-1

Case2：不安全的取钱

package threadLearn.syn;

//不安全的取钱
//两个人去银行取钱，账户
public class UnsafeBank {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Account account = new Account(100,"结婚基金");
        Drawing you = new Drawing(account,50,"你");
        Drawing girlFriend = new Drawing(account,100,"女朋友");
        you.start();
        girlFriend.start();
    }
}

//账户
class Account{
    int money;//余额
    String name;//卡名字

    public Account(int money, String name) {
        this.money = money;
        this.name = name;
    }
}

//银行：模拟取款
class Drawing extends Thread{
    Account account;//账户
    int drawingMoney;//取了多少钱
    int nowMoney;//现在手里还有多少钱

    public Drawing(Account account, int drawingMoney, String name) {
        super(name);
        this.account = account;
        this.drawingMoney = drawingMoney;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        //判断有没有钱
        if (account.money-drawingMoney<0){
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" 钱不够了，取不了");
            return;
        }
        //放大问题的发生性
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        //卡内余额 = 余额 - 你取的钱
        account.money -= drawingMoney;

        //你手里的钱
        nowMoney += drawingMoney;

        //这里的this.getName()===Thread.currentThread().getName()
        System.out.println(account.name+" 余额为：" +account.money);
        System.out.println(this.getName()+" 手里的钱："+nowMoney);
    }
}

Case3：线程不安全的集合

package threadLearn.syn;

import java.util.ArrayList;

public class UnsafeList {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
            new Thread(()->{
                list.add(Thread.currentThread().getName());
            }).start();
        }
        try {
            Thread.sleep(3000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println(list.size());
    }
}

输出：

9997
//不同电脑，不同次数执行的结果不完全一样，不同线程往同一个数组同一个位置写入数据，导致数据丢失，产生不安全现象