参考: https://www.jianshu.com/p/ecc6f5168aef
参考: https://www.logicbig.com/tutorials/spring-framework/spring-web-mvc/http_streaming.html
简介:
控制器可以使用DeferredResult
或Callable
对象来异步地计算其返回值,这可以用于实现一些有用的技术,比如 long polling技术,让服务器可以尽可能快地向客户端推送事件。
如果你想在一个HTTP响应中同时推送多个事件,怎么办?这样的技术已经存在,与"Long Polling"相关,叫"HTTP Streaming"。
Spring MVC支持这项技术,你可以通过让方法返回一个ResponseBodyEmitter
类型对象来实现,该对象可被用于发送多个对象。通常我们所使用的@ResponseBody
只能返回一个对象,它是通过HttpMessageConverter
写到响应体中的。
说明
通常会被人们称为 SSE(Server-Sent Events),这个技术也是为了解决 后端给前端持续推送得问题,不过 WebSocket 是双通道得(可以后台发前台,也可以前台发后台), 但是 SSE 是单通道得(连接建立后,就只能后台发给前台)
实体:
1. ResponseBodyEmitter
2. SseEmitter
例子:
@RequestMapping("/test")
public ResponseBodyEmitter test() {
ResponseBodyEmitter emitter = new ResponseBodyEmitter();
ExecutorService service = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
// ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
service.execute(()-> {
for (int i = 0; i < 100 ; i++) {
try {
emitter.send(i+"-", MediaType.ALL);
Thread.sleep(100L);
} catch (IOException | InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
emitter.completeWithError(e);
return;
}
}
emitter.complete();
});
return emitter;
}
2. SseEmitter 和对应的HTML5 中的Server-Sent Events 特性,互相对应,sse 通道才能实现 服务器端主动向客户端推送数据
参考: https://www.cnblogs.com/elonlee/p/3914704.html
例子:
package com.kzcm.controller;
import com.kzcm.entity.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("index")
public class IndexController {
@RequestMapping("testSse")
public String testSse(ModelMap model) {
String path = "index/ssedemo";
// model.addAttribute("name", name);
return path;
}
}
跳转到 index/ssedemo 目录下
如图示,EventSource 访问路径为 /async/testSse
package com.kzcm.controller;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.async.DeferredResult;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ResponseBodyEmitter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.SseEmitter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.time.LocalTime;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/async")
public class AsyncController {
@RequestMapping("/testSse")
public SseEmitter testSse() {
SseEmitter emitter = new SseEmitter();
ExecutorService service = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
// ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
service.execute(()-> {
for (int i = 0; i < 5 ; i++) {
try {
emitter.send(LocalTime.now().toString(), MediaType.ALL);
Thread.sleep(10);
} catch (IOException | InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
emitter.completeWithError(e);
return;
}
}
emitter.complete();
});
return emitter;
}
}
最后结果就像轮询一样,隔一段时间访问一下 event 接口,