java入门学习（十）

后端这块最后还需要处理的就是事务了。

UserDao接口先加一个插入方法：

package mybatistest.dao;

import mybatistest.entity.User;

public interface UserDao extends BaseDao<User>{
	
	public String insertUser(User user);
	public String getUserString(String id);

}

实现：UserDaoImpl.java

package mybatistest.dao.impl;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import mybatistest.dao.UserDao;
import mybatistest.entity.User;

@Repository
@Scope("prototype")   
public class UserDaoImpl extends BaseDaoImpl<User> implements UserDao {

	public String getUserString(String id) {
		return "UserDao.getUserString";
	}
	
	public String insertUser(User user) {
		
		String methodName = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace()[1]
				.getMethodName();
		
		getSqlSession().insert(getClazz().getName() + "." + methodName, user);
		return user.getUserID();
	}

}

对应user.xml增加insertUser：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>  
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> 
<mapper namespace="mybatistest.entity.User">
    
<resultMap id="userResultMap" type="mybatistest.entity.User">
  <id property="userID" column="user_id" />
  <result property="userNumber" column="user_number"/>
  <result property="userName" column="user_name"/>
</resultMap>
    
    <select id="getByID" parameterType="String" resultMap="userResultMap">
        select user_id ,
               user_number,
               user_name,
               remark
          from system_users 
         where user_id = #{id}
    </select>
    
<insert id="insertUser">
  insert into system_users (user_id,user_number,user_name,remark)
  values (#{userID},#{userNumber},#{userName},#{remark})
</insert>

    
</mapper>

再在Service中增加相应的方法：

package mybatistest.service.impl;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import mybatistest.dao.UserDao;
import mybatistest.entity.User;
import mybatistest.service.UserService;

@Service
@Transactional
public class UserServiceImpl extends BaseServiceImpl<User, UserDao> implements
		UserService {

	public String userLogin(String userNumber, String userPassword) {
//		((UserDao) mainDao).getUserString("");
//		子类可以不用强制转换了
//		getMainDao().getUserString("1");
		User user = getMainDao().getByID("1");
		if (null == user) {
			return "用户不存在！";
		}
		if ("XXX" != userPassword) {
			return "密码不正确！";
		}
		return "登录成功！";
	}

	public String insertUser(User user) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		getMainDao().insertUser(user);
		return user.getUserID();
	}
}

Test.java测试一下：

package mybatistest;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import mybatistest.entity.User;
import mybatistest.service.UserService;
import mybatistest.service.impl.UserServiceImpl;
import mybatistest.utils.DaoHelper;

public class Test {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
				"applicationContext.xml");
		//打印自动注册的类
		for (String beanName:ac.getBeanDefinitionNames()){
			System.out.println(beanName);
		}
		// 注意定义成接口，并通过getBean方式取得Bean
//		UserService userService = (UserService) ac.getBean("userServiceImpl");
		UserService userService = ac.getBean(UserService.class);

		// 测试从接口中的服务取一个entity
		User user = userService.getByID("1");
		System.out.println(user.getUserName());
		// 测试调接口的userLogin服务
		System.out.println(userService.userLogin("1", "XXX"));
		User newUser = new User();
		newUser.setUserID(DaoHelper.getUUID());
		newUser.setUserNumber("2");
		newUser.setUserName("李四");
		newUser.setRemark("");
		userService.insertUser(newUser);
	}
}

运行，然后到数据库，看到数据已插入了。个人理解应该是默认关闭Session时做了提交，或者是因为用了mybatis-spring，自己带了简单事务。

当然事务不是这么简单，很多情况下，会对多次操作数据库后，再统一提交或异常统一回滚。因此一般不是在原子级的数据库操作上加事务处理，而是在业务层加事务处理。这块参考了一下网上的资料，就直接采用注解事务来处理的了。

spring的配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd  
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd  
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd

">

	<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
		destroy-method="close">
		<property name="driverClassName" value="oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver" />
		<property name="url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:XE" />
		<property name="username" value="MyBatis" />
		<property name="password" value="MyBatis" />


	</bean>
	<bean id="transactionManager"
		class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
	</bean>

	<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
		<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-configuration.xml" />
	</bean>

	<bean id="sqlSession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">
		<constructor-arg index="0" ref="sqlSessionFactory" />
	</bean>

	<!-- 使用注解支持Bean注册 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="mybatistest" />
	<!-- 使用注解支持事务 -->
	<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />

	<!-- 配置事务通知 -->
	<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
		<tx:attributes>
			<!-- name表示以什么开始的方法名，比如 add*表示add开头的方法 propagation表示事务传播属性，不写默认有 -->
			<tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
			<tx:method name="del*" />
			<tx:method name="update*" />
			<tx:method name="find*" read-only="true" />
		</tx:attributes>
	</tx:advice>
	<!-- 配置事务切面 -->
	<aop:config>
		<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* mybatistest.service..*.*(..))"
			id="pointcut" />
		<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pointcut" />
	</aop:config>

</beans>

增加了

	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"

同时配置了对Service层进行注解事务，对应Service层的实现类，需要增加@Transactional注解。

整体上这块有点复杂，内容也比较多，可以参考网上资料，注意理解到事务一致性的话，何时该用同一个事务，何时需要新开一个事务，了解一下spring的事务处理的几个基本属性，应该问题不大。

这种方式确实简化了很多，想以前都是try XX1,XX2,XX3,commit exception rollback end。