1、Eureka介绍
Eureka架构中的三个核心角色:
- 服务注册中心
Eureka的服务端应用,提供服务注册和发现功能(eureka-server) - 服务提供者
提供服务的应用,可以是SpringBoot应用,也可以是其它任意技术实现,只要对外提供的是Rest风格服务即可。(user-service) - 服务消费者
消费应用从注册中心获取服务列表,从而得知每个服务方的信息,知道去哪里调用服务方。(user-client)
2、基础环境搭建
创建一个maven工程
工程结构
2.1 eureka server 模块 Eureka注册中心
引入的依赖
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.boss</groupId>
<artifactId>eureka-server</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>eureka-server</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2.2 user-service (服务提供者)引入的依赖
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.boss</groupId>
<artifactId>user-service</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>user-service</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2.3 user-client (服务消费者)引入的依赖
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.boss</groupId>
<artifactId>user-client</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>user-client</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
3、配置注册中心
3.1 声明这个应用是一个EurekaServer(注册中心)
3.2 编写配置文件
application.yml
server:
port: 8761 # 端口
spring:
application:
name: eureka-server # 应用名称,会在Eureka中显示
freemarker:
prefer-file-system-access: false
eureka:
client:
register-with-eureka: false # 是否注册自己的信息到EurekaServer,默认是true
fetch-registry: false # 是否拉取其它服务的信息,默认是true
service-url: # EurekaServer的地址,现在是自己的地址,如果是集群,需要加上其它Server的地址。
defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:${server.port}/eureka
3.3 启动Eureka Server
4、服务提供者
user-service 对外提供接口服务,可以通过访问http://localhost:8088/hello 来获取用户数据
在服务上添加Eureka的客户端依赖,客户端代码会自动把服务注册到Eureka Server中。
4.1 启动类上开启Eureka客户端功能
通过添加@EnableDiscoveryClient
来开启Eureka客户端功能
4.2 配置
application.yml
server:
port: 8088
spring:
application:
name: user-service # 应用名称
eureka:
client:
service-url: # EurekaServer地址
defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:8761/eureka
instance:
prefer-ip-address: true # 当其它服务获取地址时提供ip而不是hostname
ip-address: 127.0.0.1 # 指定自己的ip信息,不指定的话会自己寻找
4.3 编写代码
4.4 测试
访问实际接口
查看注册中心,可以发现我们的服务已经注册上去了
5、服务消费者
user-client 通过注册中心获取数据接口,处理后返回给用户
在服务上添加Eureka的客户端依赖,客户端代码会自动把服务注册到Eureka Server中。
5.1 启动类上开启Eureka客户端功能
5.2 配置
application.yml
server:
port: 8089
spring:
application:
name: user-client # 应用名称
eureka:
client:
service-url: # EurekaServer地址
defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:8761/eureka
instance:
prefer-ip-address: true # 当其它服务获取地址时提供ip而不是hostname
ip-address: 127.0.0.1 # 指定自己的ip信息,不指定的话会自己寻找
5.3 编写接口访问代码
package com.boss.userclient.controller;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
/**
* @author LGX_TvT
* @date 2019-12-03 16:24
*/
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@Autowired
private DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;// Eureka客户端,可以获取到服务实例信息
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String doClientHello(){
// 根据服务名称,获取服务实例,因为只有一个UserService,因此我们直接get(0)获取
ServiceInstance serviceInstance = discoveryClient.getInstances("user-service").get(0);
// 获取ip和端口信息,拼接url
String baseURL = "http://" + serviceInstance.getHost() + ":" + serviceInstance.getPort() + "/hello";
String msg = restTemplate.getForObject(baseURL, String.class);
return msg + "!!!";
}
}
5.4 测试
启动服务消费方,查看注册中心
可以看到客户端已经注册成功
访问链接