linux音频子系统 - control设备

control设备主要是能控制音频设备的音量、开关等，在驱动中有两个主要的结构体：snd_kcontrol_new和snd_kcontrol，驱动开发者主要是定义这两个结构体，来进行control设备的开发

结构体

struct snd_kcontrol_new

此结构体类似模板，最终还是要构成一个snd_kcontrol结构体来进行注册

(include/sound/control.h)

struct snd_kcontrol_new {
	snd_ctl_elem_iface_t iface;	/* interface identifier */
	unsigned int device;		/* device/client number */
	unsigned int subdevice;		/* subdevice (substream) number */
	const unsigned char *name;	/* ASCII name of item */
	unsigned int index;		/* index of item */
	unsigned int access;		/* access rights */
	unsigned int count;		/* count of same elements */
	snd_kcontrol_info_t *info;
	snd_kcontrol_get_t *get;--------相当于read
	snd_kcontrol_put_t *put;--------相当于write
	union {
		snd_kcontrol_tlv_rw_t *c;
		const unsigned int *p;
	} tlv;
	unsigned long private_value;
};

struct snd_kcontrol

(include/sound/control.h)

struct snd_kcontrol {
	struct list_head list;		/* list of controls */
	struct snd_ctl_elem_id id;
	unsigned int count;		/* count of same elements */
	snd_kcontrol_info_t *info;
	snd_kcontrol_get_t *get;
	snd_kcontrol_put_t *put;
	union {
		snd_kcontrol_tlv_rw_t *c;
		const unsigned int *p;
	} tlv;
	unsigned long private_value;
	void *private_data;
	void (*private_free)(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol);
	struct snd_kcontrol_volatile vd[0];	/* volatile data */
};

control设备注册

在驱动架构文章中，我们知道声卡注册最终会调用到每个子设备的注册函数，control设备属于声卡的子设备，所以control设备得先注册到声卡中

control注册进声卡

snd_ctl_create会把control注册到声卡中

(sound/core/control.c)

int snd_ctl_create(struct snd_card *card)
{
	static struct snd_device_ops ops = {
		.dev_free = snd_ctl_dev_free,
		.dev_register =	snd_ctl_dev_register,------------control注册函数
		.dev_disconnect = snd_ctl_dev_disconnect,
	};

	if (snd_BUG_ON(!card))
		return -ENXIO;
	return snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_CONTROL, card, &ops);---把control加入到声卡的devices链表中
}

card注册时，最终调用此函数来进行control注册：

static int snd_ctl_dev_register(struct snd_device *device)
{
	struct snd_card *card = device->device_data;
	int err, cardnum;
	char name[16];

	if (snd_BUG_ON(!card))
		return -ENXIO;
	cardnum = card->number;
	if (snd_BUG_ON(cardnum < 0 || cardnum >= SNDRV_CARDS))
		return -ENXIO;
	sprintf(name, "controlC%i", cardnum);
	if ((err = snd_register_device(SNDRV_DEVICE_TYPE_CONTROL, card, -1,
				       &snd_ctl_f_ops, card, name)) < 0)------最终调用device_create进行设备注册
		return err;
	return 0;
}

control单元加入到control设备

control这个设备是有好几种单元来组成的，每个单元相对应一个snd_kcontrol，所以上层要操作的control都是要先找到对应的control单元，再来进行操作，所以在注册的时候，要把control单元都加入到声卡中

int snd_ctl_add(struct snd_card *card, struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol)
{
	struct snd_ctl_elem_id id;
	unsigned int idx;
	unsigned int count;
	int err = -EINVAL;

	if (! kcontrol)
		return err;
	if (snd_BUG_ON(!card || !kcontrol->info))
		goto error;
	id = kcontrol->id;
	if (id.index > UINT_MAX - kcontrol->count)
		goto error;

	down_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
	if (snd_ctl_find_id(card, &id)) {
		up_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
		snd_printd(KERN_ERR "control %i:%i:%i:%s:%i is already present\n",
					id.iface,
					id.device,
					id.subdevice,
					id.name,
					id.index);
		err = -EBUSY;
		goto error;
	}
	if (snd_ctl_find_hole(card, kcontrol->count) < 0) {
		up_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
		err = -ENOMEM;
		goto error;
	}
	list_add_tail(&kcontrol->list, &card->controls);---------加入声卡的controls链表中
	card->controls_count += kcontrol->count;
	kcontrol->id.numid = card->last_numid + 1;
	card->last_numid += kcontrol->count;
	count = kcontrol->count;
	up_write(&card->controls_rwsem);
	for (idx = 0; idx < count; idx++, id.index++, id.numid++)
		snd_ctl_notify(card, SNDRV_CTL_EVENT_MASK_ADD, &id);
	return 0;

 error:
	snd_ctl_free_one(kcontrol);
	return err;
}

而对于snd_kcontrol_new结构体可以用下面的函数重定义成结构体snd_kcontrol

struct snd_kcontrol *snd_ctl_new1(const struct snd_kcontrol_new * kcontrolnew, void * private_data);

control文件操作

(sound/core/control.c)

static const struct file_operations snd_ctl_f_ops =
{
	.owner =	THIS_MODULE,
	.read =		snd_ctl_read,
	.open =		snd_ctl_open,
	.release =	snd_ctl_release,
	.llseek =	no_llseek,
	.poll =		snd_ctl_poll,
	.unlocked_ioctl =	snd_ctl_ioctl,
	.compat_ioctl =	snd_ctl_ioctl_compat,
	.fasync =	snd_ctl_fasync,
};

这些ops操作函数最终要调用kcontrol的info/get/put函数，这些函数原型为：

typedef int (snd_kcontrol_info_t) (struct snd_kcontrol * kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_info * uinfo);
typedef int (snd_kcontrol_get_t) (struct snd_kcontrol * kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value * ucontrol);
typedef int (snd_kcontrol_put_t) (struct snd_kcontrol * kcontrol, struct snd_ctl_elem_value * ucontrol);
typedef int (snd_kcontrol_tlv_rw_t)(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
				    int op_flag, /* 0=read,1=write,-1=command */
				    unsigned int size,
				    unsigned int __user *tlv);

change log

date	content	linux
2017/11/24	origin	3.10