1、前言
这是sharding-jdbc的第三篇教程,前两篇介绍了Mysql的安装,Mysql的主从同步,这篇我要实现如何通过java代码实现主从库的读写分离,废话不多说,开搞。
2、sharding-jdbc
开始之前,先看下sharding-jdbc的介绍和架构,我使用的是4.x版本,所以我们看4.x版本的文档。
3、建表
在主库中执行,从库会自动生成表,因为我们已经配置主从同步。
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`id` int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`username` varchar(12) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
`password` varchar(30) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE,
INDEX `idx-username`(`username`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;
4、pom依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.ckj</groupId>
<artifactId>shardingsphere-jdbc-lwh</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>shardingsphere-jdbc-lwh</name>
<description>分库分表测试项目</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<sharding-sphere.version>4.0.0-RC1</sharding-sphere.version>
<hutool-all.version>5.4.7</hutool-all.version>
<guava.version>19.0</guava.version>
<HikariCP.version>4.0.3</HikariCP.version>
<mybatis-plus.version>3.1.2</mybatis-plus.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
<artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
<version>${hutool-all.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
<artifactId>guava</artifactId>
<version>${guava.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis-plus.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 分库分表-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shardingsphere</groupId>
<artifactId>sharding-jdbc-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>${sharding-sphere.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.shardingsphere</groupId>
<artifactId>sharding-core-common</artifactId>
<version>${sharding-sphere.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 分库分表 end-->
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<excludes>
<exclude>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</exclude>
</excludes>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
5、目录结构
6、主要配置
# 配置真实数据源
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.names=ds0,ds1,ds2
# 配置第 1 个数据源
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds0.type=com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds0.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds0.jdbc-url=jdbc:mysql://node1:3306/cool?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone = GMT
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds0.username=root
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds0.password=123456
# 配置第 2 个数据源
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.type=com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.jdbc-url=jdbc:mysql://node2:3306/cool?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone = GMT
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.username=root
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds1.password=123456
# 配置第 3 个数据源
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds2.type=com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds2.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds2.jdbc-url=jdbc:mysql://node3:3306/cool?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone = GMT
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds2.username=root
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.ds2.password=123456
#---------------------配置读写分离---------------------------------------
#设置读的时候采用那种算法,round_robin代表轮询
spring.shardingsphere.masterslave.load-balance-algorithm-type=round_robin
spring.shardingsphere.masterslave.name=ms
#设置主库的名称,来源于上面的配置
spring.shardingsphere.masterslave.master-data-source-name=ds0
#设置从库的名称,来源于上面的配置
spring.shardingsphere.masterslave.slave-data-source-names=ds1,ds2
#---------------------配置读写分离---------------------------------------
server.port= 8085
#------------------------------mybatisPlus配置----------------------------
mybatis-plus.mapper-locations=classpath*:/mappers/*.xml
mybatis-plus.type-aliases-package=com.ckj.sharding.sphere.jdbc.lwh.entity
#------------------------------mybatisPlus配置----------------------------
#多个数据源必须要配置的,允许类型重复
spring.main.allow-bean-definition-overriding=true
#打印执行SQL
spring.shardingsphere.props.sql.show=true
7、xml和dao代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.ckj.sharding.sphere.jdbc.lwh.dao.UserMapper">
<resultMap id="baseResultMap" type="com.ckj.sharding.sphere.jdbc.lwh.entity.User">
<result column="id" property="id" jdbcType="INTEGER" />
<result column="username" property="username" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
<result column="password" property="password" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
</resultMap>
<insert id="addUser">
INSERT INTO user (
username, password
)
VALUES (
#{username,jdbcType=VARCHAR},
#{password,jdbcType=VARCHAR}
)
</insert>
<select id="list" resultMap="baseResultMap">
SELECT u.* FROM user u
<where>
<if test="username != null and username != ''">
username = #{username}
</if>
</where>
</select>
</mapper>
package com.ckj.sharding.sphere.jdbc.lwh.dao;
import com.ckj.sharding.sphere.jdbc.lwh.entity.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @Author: lwh
* @Date: 2021/6/25
* @Description:
**/
@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {
Long addUser(User user);
List<User> list(@Param("username") String username);
}
8、接口代码
package com.ckj.sharding.sphere.jdbc.lwh.controller;
import com.ckj.sharding.sphere.jdbc.lwh.entity.User;
import com.ckj.sharding.sphere.jdbc.lwh.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* @Author: lwh
* @Date: 2021/6/26
* @Description:
**/
@RestController
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@GetMapping("/users")
public Object list( @RequestParam String username) {
return userService.list(username);
}
@GetMapping("/add")
public Object add( @RequestParam String username, @RequestParam String password) {
User user = new User();
user.setUsername(username);
user.setPassword(password);
return userService.addUser(user);
}
}
9、启动类
package com.ckj.sharding.sphere.jdbc.lwh;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan(basePackages="com.ckj.sharding.sphere.jdbc.lwh.dao.*")
public class ShardingsphereJdbcLwhApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ShardingsphereJdbcLwhApplication.class, args);
}
}
10、插入日志
11、查询多次,从库轮询效果
12、结束语
至此我就实现了读写分离的效果,后面会实现读写分离+分表的功能