objective-C语言_面向对象(多态)

main.m

<pre name="code" class="objc">#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>  
#import "SonA.h"  
#import "SonB.h"  
#import "Dog.h"  
#import "Cat.h"  
#import "Animal"  
#import "Person"

int main(int argc, const charchar * argv[]) {  
    @autoreleasepool {  
  
#pragma mark ---------------多态--------------  
        /* 
         多态:多态就是对不同的对象响应同一个方法是做出不同的反应，它是建立在继承的基础上面 
          
         1.继承同一父类的种类，它们本身具有自己的特性 
         2、继承同一父类。在执行同一个命令的时候 
         */  
          
        SonA *sonA=[[SonA alloc] init];  
        sonA.name=@"SonA";  
        [sonA sayHello];  
          
        SonB *sonB=[[SonB alloc] init];  
        sonB.name=@"SonB";  
        [sonB sayHello];  
          
          
        /* 
          
         多态的好处: 
         1、可以简化编程接口 
         允许在多个类中定义同一消息接口 
         具有定义一个通用的调研方法，以简化调用 
          
         2.把不同的种类对象都当做父类来看 
         可以屏蔽不同种类对象之间的差异，写出通用的代码 
         做出 
         */  
          
        //1,可以简化编程接口  
          
        id animal=nil;  
          
        //由于id类型的通用性质，我们金额以将创建好的任意对象赋值给animal  
        animal=[Cat new];  
        [animal eat];  
          
        animal =[[Dog alloc] init];  
        [animal eat];  
          
//        Cat *cat=[[Cat alloc] init];  
          
          
//        2.把不同的种类对象都作为父类  
        Animal *animalB=nil;  
        animalB=[Cat new];  
        [animalB eat];  
          
        animalB =[Dog new];  
        [animalB eat];  
          
        //开闭原则 和里氏原则  
          
        //开闭原则(Open Closed principle ,OCP)对货站开放,对秀该关闭  
        //里替换原则（Liskvo Substitution Principle,LSP）任何积累可以出现的地方，子类一定可以出现（基类：已存在的用来派生新类的父类，也就是基类）；  
          
        Person *person=[[Person alloc] init];  
        Cat *cat=[Cat new];  
        Dog *dog=[Dog new];  
        [person feedCat:cat];  
        [person feedDog:dog];  
          
          
        [person feedAnimal:cat];  
        [person feedAnimal:dog];  
          
          
    }  
    return 0;  
}  

</pre><pre name="code" class="objc">

SonA.h

#import "Father.h"  

@interface SonA : Father  
  
@end  

</pre><h2><span style="font-family:Arial; font-size:14px">SonA.m</span></h2><div><span style="font-family:Arial; font-size:14px"></span><pre name="code" class="objc">#import "SonA.h"  
  
@implementation SonA  
  
-(void)sayHello  
{  
    [super sayHello];  
    NSLog(@"I am SonA");  
}  
@end  

SonB.h

#import "Father.h"

@interface SonB : Father

@end

SonB.m

#import "SonB.h"

@implementation SonB

-(void)sayHello
{
    NSLog(@"I am SonB");
}
@end

Animal.h

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

@interface Animal : NSObject

-(void)eat;
@end

Animal.m

#import "Animal.h"

@implementation Animal

-(void)eat
{
    NSLog(@"动物吃东西");
}
@end

Cat.h

#import "Animal.h"

@interface Cat : Animal

@end

Cat.m

#import "Cat.h"

@implementation Cat

-(void)eat
{
    [super eat];
    NSLog(@"Cat eat fish");
}
@end

Dog.h

#import "Animal.h"

@interface Dog : Animal

@end

Dog.m

#import "Dog.h"

@implementation Dog

-(void)eat
{
    [super eat];
    NSLog(@"Dog eat meat");
}
@end

Person.h

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

#import "Animal.h"
#import "Cat.h"
#import "Dog.h"

@interface Person : NSObject

-(void)feedCat:(Cat *)cat;

-(void)feeDdog:(Dog *)dog;

//参数是父类型动物类型，无论喂养什么动物，都可以满足要求，不用修改Person类，增加响应方法,这个也符合"开闭原则"
-(void)feeAnimal:(Animal *)animal;
@end

Person.m

#import "Person.h"

@implementation Person

-(void)feedCat:(Cat *)cat
{
    
    NSLog(@"人喂猫");
    [cat eat];
}

-(void)feeDdog:(Dog *)dog
{
    NSLog(@"人喂狗");
    [dog eat];
}


-(void)feeAnimal:(Animal *)animal
{
    if ([animal isMemberOfClass:[Cat class]]) {
        [animal eat];
        NSLog(@"catcat");
    }
    if ([animal isMemberOfClass:[Dog class]]) {
        [animal eat];
        NSLog(@"dogdog");
    }
}
@end