JavaWeb——day33 Servlet 配置响应时机,定义Servlet的三种方式,全局对象,共享数据,获取全路径

最新推荐文章于 2023-05-23 18:47:57 发布

@李小白

最新推荐文章于 2023-05-23 18:47:57 发布

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分类专栏： JavaWeb

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/lalaMarry/article/details/100530269

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今天的知识吸收的还算不错,就是注册码还燃

Servlet

配置响应时机

1.可以配置Servlet 创建的时机 1 -1 是默认值第一次请求时创建
其他整数0 1 ,是开启服务器的时候创建

 <servlet>
        <servlet-name>ServletDemo1</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.westos.servlet2.ServletDemo1</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

定义Servlet的三种方式

    * 2.定义Servlet 三种方式
    *   方式1：写一个类 实现 Servlet 重写5个抽象方法
    *   方式2：写一个类 继承 GenericServlet 重写 service()方法
    *   方式3：写一个类 继承HttpSersvlet 重写doGet() 和 doPost()方法 开发常用

方式一

实现 Servlet接口需要重写5个方法

package rog.westos.servlet;

import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @Description:servlet
 * @Author:@李小白
 * @Date:2019/8/31 15:03
 */
public class MyServlet implements Servlet {
    @Override
    public void init(ServletConfig servletConfig) throws ServletException {

    }

    @Override
    public ServletConfig getServletConfig() {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void service(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse) throws ServletException,
            IOException {
        System.out.println("servlet welcome 欢迎请求的到来");
//        //处理请求
//        //响应
//        servletResponse.getWriter().write("<h1 style='colre:red'>this is from server<h1>");

    }

    @Override
    public String getServletInfo() {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {

    }
}

 <servlet>
        <!--给servelet起名字-->
        <servlet-name>MyServlet</servlet-name>
        <!--配置servlet全路径-->
        <servlet-class>rog.westos.servlet.MyServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <!--配置servlet映射-->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>MyServlet</servlet-name>
        <!--配置在浏览器里面请求servlet的虚拟路径-->
        <url-pattern>/demo</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

方式二:

继承 GenericServlet 重写一个Servlt方法

package org.westos.servlet2;

import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @Description:TODO
 * @Author:@李小白
 * @Date:2019/9/3 22:22
 */
public class ServletDemo extends GenericServlet {
    @Override
    public void service(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletConfig servletConfig = this.getServletConfig();
        String pwd = servletConfig.getInitParameter("pwd");
        ServletConfig servletConfig1 = super.getServletConfig();
        String pwd1 = servletConfig1.getInitParameter("pwd");
        System.out.println(pwd);
        System.out.println(pwd1);

    }
}

  <servlet>
        <servlet-name>MyServlet2</servlet-name>
            <servlet-class>rog.westos.servlet.MyServlet2</servlet-class>
            <!--配置初始化参数-->
            <init-param>
                <param-name>username</param-name>
                <param-value>zhangsan</param-value>
            </init-param>
            <init-param>
                <param-name>password</param-name>
                <param-value>123456</param-value>
            </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>MyServlet2</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/demo2</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

方式三

继承 HttpServlet 重写doGet和doPost方法

package org.westos.servlet2;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @Description:TODO
 * @Author:@李小白
 * @Date:2019/9/3 22:17
 */
@WebServlet(name = "ServletDemo1")
public class ServletDemo1 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request, response);
    }
}

<servlet>
        <servlet-name>ServletDemo1</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.westos.servlet2.ServletDemo1</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>ServletDemo1</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/ser1</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

全局对象 ServletContext接口

概念:
由服务器创建,在整个WEB之间的全局域对象,单例的
JavaWeb中四大域对象：
* ServletContext：代表整个web应用
* HttpSession：会话域
* ServletRequest：请求域
* PageContext：页面域

怎样获取使用

ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
String rootpath = context.getRealPath("/");

存储所有用户共享的数据
* setAttribute():
* getAttribute():
* removeAttribute():
获取文件运行的真实路径：
* 真实路径:指服务器路径
* getRealPath():
* 1.webRoot下：项目根目录下
* 2.WEB-INF下：项目根目录下/WEB-INF
* 3.src下：项目根目录下/WEB-INF/classes
*注意：如果getRealPath("/"),获取的路径是项目的根目录
new FileInputStream

package org.westos.servlet2;

import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @Description:TODO
 * @Author:@李小白
 * @Date:2019/9/3 22:17
 */
@WebServlet(name = "ServletDemo1")
public class ServletDemo1 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletConfig servletConfig = this.getServletConfig();
        ServletContext servletContext = servletConfig.getServletContext();
        //或者直接进行getServletContext()
        ServletContext servletContext1 = this.getServletContext();


        //作用1.可以在web内共享数据  2.可以获取真实路径
        //1.可以在web内共享数据
        servletContext1.setAttribute("servlet","123456");//设置对象,以键值的形式
        servletContext1.getAttribute("servlet");//获取对象,由键取值
        servletContext1.removeAttribute("servlet");//移除键值

        //2.可以获取真实路径
        //web 下 有一个 a.txt文件
        // web/WEB-INF 有一个b.txt 文件
        // src 下有一个 c.txt 文件

        //我们要读取这三个不同地方的文件 怎么读？
        //src\c.txt(系统找不到指定的路径。)
        //动态获取路径,先获取服务器的大致路径
        String realPath = servletContext1.getRealPath("/");
        //获取src下的详细路径
        FileInputStream in1 = new FileInputStream(realPath+"/WEB-INT/classes/c.txt");
        //获取web下的详细路径
        FileInputStream in2 = new FileInputStream(realPath + "/classes/b.txt");
        //获取WEB-INF 下的详细路径
        FileInputStream in3 = new FileInputStream(realPath + "a.txt");
        System.out.println(in1);
        System.out.println(in2);
        System.out.println(in3);

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request, response);
    }
}

非web环境,如何获取真实路径

ServletContext只能用于web环境。如果是非web环境，则使用ClassLoader来获取真实路径

package org.westos.servlet2;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URL;

/**
 * @Description:TODO
 * @Author:@李小白
 * @Date:2019/9/3 23:24
 */
@WebServlet(name = "ServletDemo2")
public class ServletDemo2 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
       //方式一
        URL resource = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("a.txt");
        String path = resource.getPath();
        FileInputStream in1 = new FileInputStream(path);
        System.out.println(in1);
       //方式二
        InputStream in2 = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("a.txt");
        System.out.println(in2);
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request, response);
    }
}

@李小白

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JavaWeb——day33 Servlet 配置响应时机,定义Servlet的三种方式,全局对象,共享数据,获取全路径

今天的知识吸收的还算不错,就是注册码还燃Servlet配置响应时机1.可以配置Servlet 创建的时机 1 -1 是默认值第一次请求时创建其他整数0 1 ,是开启服务器的时候创建 <servlet> <servlet-name>ServletDemo1</servlet-name> <servlet-cla...
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