JPA技术初认识

JPA技术初认识

初次接触jpa写了一个小项目,下面是整个框架结构，很简单

1.首先把相应jar包导入到lib文件夹下
2.在根目录下创建一个“META-INF”文件夹，写配置文件persitence.xml
persitence.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence version="2.0"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd">

    <persistence-unit name="jpa" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">

        <!-- 
        配置用什么ORM框架
        1. 实际上配置的是 javax.persistence.spi.PersistenceProvider 接口的实现类
        2. 如果JPA项目中只有一个JPA的实现产品，则可以不配置该节点
         -->
        <provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>


        <class>cn.lamb.jpa.User</class>


        <properties>
            <!-- 配置数据源信息 -->
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/jpa?charsetEncoding=utf8"/>
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="root"/>
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value="ROOT"/>

            <!-- 配置JPA实现产品的属性，即hibernate的属性 -->
            <property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="true"/><!-- 是否格式化sql语句 -->
            <property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true"/> <!-- 是否在控制台打印sql语句 -->
            <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update"/>
        </properties>
    </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

3.编写实体类
user.java

package cn.lamb.jpa;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

@Table(name="USER")
@Entity
public class User {

    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private String email;

    @Column(name="ID")
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
    @Id
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    @Column(name="NAME")
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    @Column(name="EMAIL")
    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }
    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }


}

4.在数据库里创建一个数据库“jpa”,不用创建表
5.写一个测试类

package cn.lamb.jpa;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.EntityTransaction;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;

public class TEST {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //1. 创建EntityManagerFactory
        String persistenceUnitName = "jpa"; 
        EntityManagerFactory factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(persistenceUnitName);

        //2. 创建EntityManager
        EntityManager entityManager = factory.createEntityManager();

        //3.开启事务
        EntityTransaction transaction = entityManager.getTransaction();
        transaction.begin();

        //4. 持久化操作
        User user = new User();
        user.setName("tom2");
        user.setEmail("lamb@qq.com");

        //添加user到数据库，相当于hibernate的save();
        entityManager.persist(user);

        //5. 提交事务
        transaction.commit();

        //6. 关闭EntityManager
        entityManager.close();

        //7. 关闭EntityManagerFactory
        factory.close();
    }
}

执行下测试类，看看吧！