编译安装MySQL5.5

为什么写这篇文章？

        近来在几个MySQL技术交流群里来，依然有很多的朋友不知如何编译安装MySQL，也不知道如何在一台机器如何启动多个实例，而且网上的各种编译安装也是不全完整，基于这样的原因，写下这篇文章，希望对那些热爱MySQL,还纠结在编译安装MySQL的朋友一些帮助！

安装版本：MySQL 5.5.9

操作系统版本:centos 6.4 64bit

安装步骤：

1.创建MySQL用户

  /usr/sbin/useradd mysql

2.创建必要的目录 

  mkdir -p /data/mysql_3306 (数据目录,建议用端口去区分,便于管理)

  mkdir -p /data/mysql_3306_log(存放错误日志，慢日志)

  mkdir -p /data/mysql_3306_binlog(存放binlog)

 chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql_3306*  (将三个目录的属主改为mysql用户)

 

3.依赖包安装

ubuntu:

aptitude install -y  cmake gcc Dialog  libncurses5-dev bison make g++ 
apt-get install  -y  libxml-parser-perl libdbd-mysql-perl 
apt-get install  -y  libglib2.0-dev libmysqlclient15-dev zlib1g-dev libpcre3-dev cmake automake libtool 

centos:

yum -y install perl-XML-Parser perl-DBI
yum install -y  cmake gcc Dialog libncurses5-dev bison make g++ automake libtool
yum install -y  glib2-devel mysql-devel zlib-devel pcre-devel

4.编译安装

tar -xvf mysql-5.5.9.tar.gz

cd mysql-5.5.9

cmake . -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:STRING=Release \
                -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH=/usr/local/mysql  \
-DCOMMUNITY_BUILD:BOOL=ON \
-DENABLED_PROFILING:BOOL=ON \
-DENABLE_DEBUG_SYNC:BOOL=OFF \
-DINSTALL_LAYOUT:STRING=STANDALONE \
-DMYSQL_MAINTAINER_MODE:BOOL=OFF \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER:BOOL=ON \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS:STRING=all \
-DWITH_SSL:STRING=bundled \
-DWITH_UNIT_TESTS:BOOL=OFF \
-DWITH_ZLIB:STRING=bundled  \
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-LH 

make -j8 

make install

至此没有报错，MySQL已编译安装，接下来启动MySQL了。。

5.创建MySQL字典信息

/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql_3306 --user=mysql & 

6.以守护进程的方式开启MySQL(启动的时候只需将我下文的举例my.cnf拷贝到/data/mysql_3306下以以下的命令启动即可)

sudo /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql_3306/my.cnf &

附my.cnf 

[client]
port            = 3306 
socket          = /data/mysql_3306/mysql_3306.sock




[mysqld]




port            = 3306
socket          = /data/mysql_3306/mysql_3306.sock
pid-file        = /data/mysql_3306/mysql_3306.pid
datadir=/data/mysql_3306
tmpdir=/data/mysql_3306


#charset
character-set-server=utf8
key_buffer_size = 2G
max_allowed_packet = 128M
table_open_cache = 2000
sort_buffer_size = 2M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
thread_cache_size = 2000
thread_concurrency = 64
max_heap_table_size     = 128M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 2G
myisam_repair_threads = 1
myisam_recover




#connect
max_connections         = 2000
max_connect_errors=999999
slow_launch_time=1
skip-name-resolve


#log
log-error=/data/mysql_3306_log/error.log
general_log_file=/data/mysql_3306_log/general_log.log
binlog_format=row
log_bin                 = /data/mysql_3306_binlog/mysql-bin.log
relay_log               = /data/mysql_3306_binlog/mysql-relay-bin.log
max_binlog_size         = 100M
log_slave_updates
expire_logs_days        = 7
slow_query_log_file=/data/mysql_3306_log/slow.log
slow_query_log=on
long_query_time=1


#slave
server-id       =  13354
#skip_slave_start
slave-skip-errors=1062
replicate_ignore_db=mysql
replicate_wild_ignore_table=mysql.%
#auto_increment_offset = 1
#auto_increment_increment = 2 


#corefile
core-file


#innodb
innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysql_3306
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:100M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /data/mysql_3306
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2G
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 8M
innodb_log_file_size = 256M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 64M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
innodb_log_files_in_group=4
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90
innodb_open_files=2000
innodb_doublewrite=1
innodb_file_per_table
innodb_read_io_threads=32
innodb_write_io_threads=16
innodb_thread_concurrency=16
innodb_purge_threads=1






[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M


[mysql]
auto-rehash


[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 256M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M


[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

7.由于MySQL默认root用户是没有密码的，为了安全起见，应清除空账号和给root用户加上密码！

PS：起多个实例只需要建相应的端口目录，日志目录，将配置文件3306替换其他端口，以同样的方式初始化和启动即可！