二
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基本安装和配置
本部分主要参考官方文档和田逸的文章<<看我出招之:我用Nagios(技术细节)>>来修改完成.
最后达到如下的功能
监控机自身的信息,包括主机信息以及对外提供的服务
被监控机对外提供的服务
如下所有的操作都在监控机192.168.18.89上进行
1.安装nagios主程序
解压缩
tar -zxvf nagios-2.9.tar.gz
cd nagios-2.9
编译,指定安装目录为/usr/local/nagios
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios
输出如下信息
*** Configuration summary for nagios 2.9 04-10-2007 ***:
Review the options above for accuracy.
type 'make all' to compile the main program and CGIs.
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make all
输出如下信息
*** Compile finished ***
If the main program and CGIs compiled without any errors, you
can continue with installing Nagios as follows (type 'make'
without any arguments for a list of all possible options):
-
使用make install
来安装主程序,CGI
和HTML
文件
-
使用make install-init
在/etc/rc.d/init.d
安装启动脚本
使用make install-commandmode
来配置目录权限
使用make install-commandmode
来安装示例配置文件,
安装的路径是/usr/local/nagios/etc.
*** Support Notes *******************************************
If you have questions about configuring or running Nagios,
please make sure that you:
before you post a question to one of the mailing lists.
Also make sure to include pertinent information that could
help others help you.
For more information on obtaining support for Nagios, visit:
*************************************************************
Enjoy.
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很多人都不注意安装过程中的输出信息,直到make install出错了才到处找人求救,而实际上输出的内容包含很多有价值的信息,例如安装路径,版本,每一步做什么,接下来的步骤等.尤其是输出的最后一屏信息,我个人建议好好的读一下.例如上面就列出了很多有价值的信息,我们只需要按照他说的做就行了.
安装
make install
输出如下错误
cd ./base && make install
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/yahoon/nagios/nagios-2.9/base'
make install-basic
make[2]: Entering directory `/home/yahoon/nagios/nagios-2.9/base'
/usr/bin/install -c -m 775 -o nagios -g nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/bin
/usr/bin/install:
invalid user `nagios'
非法用户nagios
make[2]: *** [install-basic] Error 1
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/yahoon/nagios/nagios-2.9/base'
make[1]: *** [install] Error 2
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/yahoon/nagios/nagios-2.9/base'
make: *** [install] Error 2
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按照文档说明增加用户,修改权限
[root@localhost nagios-2.9]# groupadd nagios
[root@localhost nagios-2.9]#
useradd -g nagios nagios
[root@localhost nagios-2.9]# mkdir /usr/local/nagios
[root@localhost nagios-2.9]# chown -R nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios
查看目录权限
[root@localhost nagios-2.9]# ll /usr/local
drwxr-sr-x 2 nagios nagios 4096 Jul 10 11:14 nagios
看到nagios目录的权限已经被正确修改了
重新执行make install输出信息如下
*** Main program, CGIs and HTML files installed ***
You can continue with installing Nagios as follows (type 'make'
without any arguments for a list of all possible options):
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/yahoon/nagios/nagios-2.9'
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执行如下命令来安装脚本
make install-init
执行
make install-commandmode
输出信息如下
/usr/bin/install -c -m 775 -o nagios -g nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/var/rw
chmod g+s /usr/local/nagios/var/rw
*** External command directory configured ***
You can continue with installing Nagios as follows (type 'make'
without any arguments for a list of all possible options):
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执行
make install-config
输出信息如下
/usr/bin/install -c -m 775 -o nagios -g nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/etc
/usr/bin/install -c -m 664 -o nagios -g nagios sample-config/nagios.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg-sample
/usr/bin/install -c -m 664 -o nagios -g nagios sample-config/cgi.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg-sample
/usr/bin/install -c -m 660 -o nagios -g nagios sample-config/resource.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/resource.cfg-sample
/usr/bin/install -c -m 664 -o nagios -g nagios sample-config/template-object/localhost.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/localhost.cfg-sample
/usr/bin/install -c -m 664 -o nagios -g nagios sample-config/template-object/commands.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/commands.cfg-sample
*** Sample config file installed ***
Remember, these are *SAMPLE* config files.
the documentation for more information on how to actually define
services, hosts, etc. to fit your particular needs.
If you have questions about configuring Nagios properly, please:
*BEFORE* you post a question to one of the mailing lists.
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验证程序是否被正确安装。切换目录到安装路径(这里是/usr/local/nagios),看是否存在 etc、bin、 sbin、 share、 var这五个目录,如果存在则可以表明程序被正确的安装到系统了。后表是五个目录功能的简要说明:
bin
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Nagios执行程序所在目录,nagios文件即为主程序
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etc
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Nagios配置文件位置,初始安装完后,只有几个*.cfg-sample文件
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sbin
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Nagios Cgi文件所在目录,也就是执行外部命令所需文件所在的目录
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Share
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Nagios网页文件所在的目录
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Var
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Nagios日志文件、spid 等文件所在的目录
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var/archives
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Empty directory for the
archived logs
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var/rw
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Empty directory for the
external command file
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2.安装插件
解压缩
tar -zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.9.tar.gz
cd nagios-plugins-1.4.9
编译,指定路径为之前nagios的安装路径
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios/
make
安装
make install
ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec/
会显示安装的插件文件,即所有的插件都安装在libexec这个目录下
将apache的运行用户加到nagios组里面
从httpd.conf中过滤出当前的apache运行用户
grep ^User /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
我的是vpopmail,下面将这个用户加入nagios组
usermod -G nagios apache
3.修改apache配置
修改apache的配置文件,增加nagios的目录,并且访问此目录需要进行身份验证
vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf,在最后增加如下内容
#setting for nagios 20070707
ScriptAlias /nagios/cgi-bin /usr/local/nagios/sbin
<Directory "/usr/local/nagios/sbin">
AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd
//用于此目录访问身份验证的文件
</Directory>
Alias /nagios /usr/local/nagios/share
<Directory "/usr/local/nagios/share">
AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd
//用于此目录访问身份验证的文件
</Directory>
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增加验证用户
也就是通过web访问nagios的时候,必须要用这个用户登陆.在这里我们增加用户test:密码为12345
[root@localhost conf]# /usr/local/apache/bin/htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd mandahang
New password: (输入12345)
Re-type new password: (再输入一次密码)
Adding password for user test
查看认证文件的内容
[root@localhost conf]# less /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd
test:OmWGEsBnoGpIc 前半部分是用户名test,后面是加密后的密码
到这里nagios的安装也就基本完成了,你可以通过web来访问了.
http://192.168.18.89/nagios
会弹出对话框要求输入用户名密码
输入test,密码12345,就可以进入nagios的主页面了
但是可以发现什么也点不开,因为nagios还没启动呢!下面的工作就是修改配置文件,增加要监控的主机和服务