Ruby使用include和extend来对class做补充。
假设有一个module:
module Person
def about_me
puts "This is about me."
end
end
1, include <module name>
1.1 使模块的方法变成类的实例方法:
class Student
include Person
end
student = Student.new
student.about_me # puts "This is about me."
Student.about_me # 没有定义此方法,抛出异常。
1.2 如何要让 Student 可以直接调用include module的方法,可以在 def self.included(c) ... end 实现,比如
module Person
def about_me
puts "This is about me."
end
def self.included(c)
def c.call_me
puts "This is class me"
end
end
end
Student.call_me即可直接调用。
2, extend <module name>是直接变成类的类方法 ,相当于class << self.
参考资料: http://www.railstips.org/blog/archives/2009/05/15/include-vs-extend-in-ruby