Java中实现多线程间的通信主要通过两种方式:共享变量和管道流。共享变量一般通过加锁的方式来保证线程的安全性,在之前的多篇博客中已提供了多个例子,这里不赘述。知道在使用锁的过程中,注意锁作用的对象以及锁的作用区域就可以了。
管道流主要用来实现两个线程之间的二进制数据的传播,下面以PipedInputStream类和PipedOutputStream类为例,实现生产者-消费者:
package test.pipe;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PipedInputStream;
import java.io.PipedOutputStream;
/**
* 我们以数字替代产品 生产者每5秒提供5个产品,放入管道
*/
class MyProducer extends Thread {
private PipedOutputStream outputStream;
private int index = 0;
public MyProducer(PipedOutputStream outputStream) {
this.outputStream = outputStream;
}
@Override
public void run() {
while (true) {
try {
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
outputStream.write(index++);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
try {
Thread.sleep(5000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
/**
* 消费者每0.5秒从管道中取1件产品,并打印剩余产品数量,并打印产品信息(以数字替代)
*/
class MyConsumer extends Thread {
private PipedInputStream inputStream;
public MyConsumer(PipedInputStream inputStream) {
this.inputStream = inputStream;
}
@Override
public void run() {
while (true) {
try {
Thread.sleep(500);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
try {
int count = inputStream.available();
if (count > 0) {
System.out.println("rest product count: " + count);
System.out.println("get product: " + inputStream.read());
}
} catch (IOException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
public class PipeTest1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
PipedOutputStream pos = new PipedOutputStream();
PipedInputStream pis = new PipedInputStream();
try {
pis.connect(pos);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
new MyProducer(pos).start();
new MyConsumer(pis).start();
}
}