11g R2 +ASM 单实例安装

1、创建用户及目录
执行以下命令创建安装Grid Infrastructure和Oracle Database软件的目录结构，并修改正确的权限：
[root@c1 ~]# groupadd -g 500 oinstall
[root@c1 ~]# groupadd -g 501 dba
[root@c1 ~]# groupadd -g 502 oper
[root@c1 ~]# groupadd -g 600 asmadmin
[root@c1 ~]# groupadd -g 601 asmoper
[root@c1 ~]# groupadd -g 602 asmdba
[root@c1 ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper oracle
[root@c1 ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,dba grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01
mkdir /u01/app/oracle
chown oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
chmod -R 775 /u01/
passwd grid
passwd oracle

2、设置环境变量
从11gR2版本开始，安装RAC需要两个用户：一个是grid用户，用于安装Clusterware和ASM；另一个是oracle用户，用于安装Database。每个用户有自己的ORACLE_BASE、ORACLE_HOME和ORACLE_SID环境变量

修改grid的环境变量

ORACLE_SID=+ASM; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid; export ORACLE_HOME
GRID_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid; export GRID_HOME
ORACLE_PATH=/u01/app/oracle/common/oracle/sql; export ORACLE_PATH
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin; export TNS_ADMIN
PATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin
PATH=${PATH}:/u01/app/common/oracle/bin
PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/ctx/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export CLASSPATH
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=/tmp
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK
export SQLPATH=~/admin/sql:/$ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'
umask 022

修改oracle的环境变量
umask 022
export ORACLE_BASE=/usr/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=c1
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
export NLS_LANG="AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK"
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
THREADS_FLAG=native; export THREADS_FLAG

 

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ORACLE_SID=c1; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_UNQNAME=ractest; export ORACLE_UNQNAME
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_PATH=/u01/app/common/oracle/sql; export ORACLE_PATH
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin; export TNS_ADMIN
PATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
PATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/bin
PATH=${PATH}:/u01/app/common/oracle/bin
PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch
export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/ctx/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export CLASSPATH
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=/tmp
export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK 
export SQLPATH=~/admin/sql:/$ORACLE_HOME/sqlplus/admin
export NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss' 
umask 022

3、修改系统参数

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

fs.file-max = 6815744
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

sysctl -p

vi /etc/security/limits.conf

grid soft nproc 2047
grid hard nproc 16384
grid soft nofile 1024
grid hard nofile 65536
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536

vi  /etc/pam.d/login

session   required    /lib/security/pam_limits.so
session   required    pam_limits.so

vi /etc/profile

if [ \$USER = "oracle" ] || [ \$USER = "grid" ]; then 
    if [ \$SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
        ulimit -p 16384
        ulimit -n 65536
    else
        ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
    fi
    umask 022
fi

4、安装相关rpm包和asmlib包
。。。。。。。。。。
配置 ASMLib
查看ASMlib配置
[root@dbabc ~]# oracleasm configure
ORACLEASM_ENABLED=false
ORACLEASM_UID=
ORACLEASM_GID=
ORACLEASM_SCANBOOT=true
ORACLEASM_SCANORDER=""
ORACLEASM_SCANEXCLUDE=""
配置ASMlib
[root@dbabc ~]# oracleasm configure -i
Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver.
This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library
driver.  The following questions will determine whether the driver is
loaded on boot and what permissions it will have.  The current values
will be shown in brackets ('[]').  Hitting  without typing an
answer will keep that current value.  Ctrl-C will abort.
Default user to own the driver interface []: grid
Default group to own the driver interface []: asmadmin
Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [n]: y
Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]: y
Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done

加载 oracleasm 内核模块：
/usr/sbin/oracleasm init

5、创建ASM磁盘
   oracleasm createdisk crs /dev/sdb1
   查看asm磁盘
   oracleasm listdisks

6、安装GI

 

7、安装database