SMON PMON CKPT【2012-10-12】--每日一译

Checkpoint Process (CKPT)
When a checkpoint occurs, Oracle must update the headers of all datafiles to record
the details of the checkpoint. This is done by the CKPT process. The CKPT process
does not write blocks to disk; DBWn always performs that work.
The statistic DBWR checkpoints displayed by the System_Statistics monitor in

Enterprise Manager indicates the number of checkpoint requests completed.

当一个检查点发生，ORACLE必须更新所有文件的头去记录检查点的详细信息。

这个由CKPT进程负责完成。CKPT进程不写入块到磁盘，通常由DBWN去执行

那个工作。

DBWR检查点统计信息显示通过SYS_TEM_STATISTICS监控在企业管理器显示

检查点要求完成的数量。

System Monitor Process (SMON)
The system monitor process (SMON) performs recovery, if necessary, at instance
startup. SMON is also responsible for cleaning up temporary segments that are no
longer in use and for coalescing contiguous free extents within dictionary managed
tablespaces. If any terminated transactions were skipped during instance recovery
because of file-read or offline errors, SMON recovers them when the tablespace or file
is brought back online. SMON checks regularly to see whether it is needed. Other
processes can call SMON if they detect a need for it.

系统监控进程

SMON进程执行恢复，如果需要在实例启动的时候。SMON也负责清理临时段，那些不

在用和合并相邻空闲区对于使用数据字典管理的表空间。如果任何中断的事务被跳跃当

实例恢复因为读文件或者下线的错误，SMON恢复他们当表空间或文件被带回到上线时。

SMON定期检查查看是否需要。其它进程可以调用SMON如果它们检测到需要。

With Real Application Clusters, the SMON process of one instance can perform
instance recovery for a failed CPU or instance.

对于RAC，实例中的SMON进程可以执行实例恢复对于失败的CPU或者实例。

Process Monitor Process (PMON)
The process monitor (PMON) performs process recovery when a user process fails.
PMON is responsible for cleaning up the database buffer cache and freeing resources
that the user process was using. For example, it resets the status of the active
transaction table, releases locks, and removes the process ID from the list of active
processes.

进程监视进程（PMON)

PMON进程执行进程恢复当一个用户进程失败。

PMON负责清理数据库缓存和释放用户正在使用的资源。比如，它重设了活动事务表的状态，

释放锁，和删除进程ID从活动进程列表。

PMON periodically checks the status of dispatcher and server processes, and restarts
any that have stopped running (but not any that Oracle has terminated intentionally).
PMON also registers information about the instance and dispatcher processes with the
network listener.

PMON定期核对调度和服务进程状态，和重启任何已经停止正在运行进程（但不是任何

ORACLE已经故意中断的）。

PMON通过网络监听注册关于实例和调度进程的信息。

Like SMON, PMON checks regularly to see whether it is needed and can be called if
another process detects the need for it.

像SMON一样，PMON定期核对去查看是否需要和可以被调用如果其它进程检测和需要它。