起因
就是看 ArrayList 源码时候注意了下 final 修饰的属性,于是乎发现了这么两个空数组
源码
/**
* Shared empty array instance used for empty instances.
*/
private static final Object[] EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA = {};
/**
* Shared empty array instance used for default sized empty instances. We
* distinguish this from EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA to know how much to inflate when
* first element is added.
*/
private static final Object[] DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA = {};
官方解释大概就是,EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA 用于空数组,DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA 用户默认数组的创建
不都是空的数组嘛,没看出来什么区别。。我们还是看看 ArrayList 怎么用的吧,从结果反推,嘿嘿…机智如我
EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA的使用
源码使用一
public ArrayList(int initialCapacity) {
if (initialCapacity > 0) {
this.elementData = new Object[initialCapacity];
} else if (initialCapacity == 0) {
this.elementData = EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA;
} else {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal Capacity: " + initialCapacity);
}
}
源码使用二
public ArrayList(Collection<? extends E> c) {
elementData = c.toArray();
if ((size = elementData.length) != 0) {
// c.toArray might (incorrectly) not return Object[] (see 6260652)
if (elementData.getClass() != Object[].class)
elementData = Arrays.copyOf(elementData, size, Object[].class);
} else {
// replace with empty array.
this.elementData = EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA;
}
}
源码使用三
private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream s)
throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
elementData = EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA;
// Read in size, and any hidden stuff
s.defaultReadObject();
// Read in capacity
s.readInt(); // ignored
if (size > 0) {
// be like clone(), allocate array based upon size not capacity
int capacity = calculateCapacity(elementData, size);
SharedSecrets.getJavaOISAccess().checkArray(s, Object[].class, capacity);
ensureCapacityInternal(size);
Object[] a = elementData;
// Read in all elements in the proper order.
for (int i=0; i<size; i++) {
a[i] = s.readObject();
}
}
}
从源码看有三个地方用了 EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA,两个是有参构造器一个序列化的过程
构造器上的注解其实也解释明白了,有参构造器时候取代一个空数组的建立,就是你传入的 initialCapacity 为 0 或者集合类为空的时候,复用 EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA 即可
那它作用就很明显了,为了减少空数组的建立,空数组大家共享一个嘛
DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA的使用
源码使用一
/**
* Constructs an empty list with an initial capacity of ten.
*/
public ArrayList() {
this.elementData = DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA;
}
源码使用二
public void ensureCapacity(int minCapacity) {
int minExpand = (elementData != DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA)
// any size if not default element table
? 0
// larger than default for default empty table. It's already
// supposed to be at default size.
: DEFAULT_CAPACITY;
if (minCapacity > minExpand) {
// ensureExplicitCapacity内部其实就是先modcount++,然后判断是不是需要调用grow扩容
ensureExplicitCapacity(minCapacity);
}
}
/**
* Default initial capacity.
*/
private static final int DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 10;
源码使用三
// 3. 这个方法在add,addAll,readObject时候会调用
private void ensureCapacityInternal(int minCapacity) {
// 1. 这里的elementData如果为空参构造器则等于DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA
ensureExplicitCapacity(calculateCapacity(elementData, minCapacity));
}
private static int calculateCapacity(Object[] elementData, int minCapacity) {
if (elementData == DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA) {
// 2. 这里保证了空参时候容量,即为10
return Math.max(DEFAULT_CAPACITY, minCapacity);
}
return minCapacity;
}
从源码看有三个地方使用了 DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA,一个空参构造器,两个是跟 Capacity 有关的方法
人家构造器也给你解释了,DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA 是为了确保空参构造器时候是初始化容量为 10 的,怎么确认的看我注释吧…此外源码二好像就是外部开发人员用来扩容的,源码自己内部好像没用到
总结下作用就是,确保空参构造器时候初始化的容量等于 DEFAULT_CAPACITY,即 10