在ubuntu上搭建uClinux编译开发环境并用Skyeye (3)

五、编译我们的uClinux内核

首先解压

代码:

tar zxvf uClinux-dist-20040408.tar.gz

这是在你解压的目录里面会生成一个 uClinux-dist目录
shell 中进 uClinux-dist目录，执行make menuconfig进行配置，我猜你遇到了和我一样的问题：

代码:

wenwu@wenwu-desktop:/source/uClinux-dist$ make menuconfig config/mkconfig > config.in make -C /source/uClinux-dist/config/scripts/lxdialog all make[1]: Entering directory `/source/uClinux-dist/config/scripts/lxdialog' /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lncurses collect2: ld 返回 1 -e >> Unable to find the Ncurses libraries. >> >> You must have Ncurses installed in order >> to use 'make menuconfig' make[1]: *** [ncurses] 错误 1 make[1]: Leaving directory `/source/uClinux-dist/config/scripts/lxdialog' make: *** [menuconfig] 错误 2 wenwu@wenwu-desktop:/source/uClinux-dist$

其实是没有安装ncurses开发包，安装就是了
在新立得软件管理器中找到libncurses5-dev，安装
用的朋友喜欢用make xconfig，直接运行会出现如下错误：

代码:

wenwu@wenwu-desktop:/source/uClinux-dist$ sudo make xconfig config/mkconfig > config.in make -C /source/uClinux-dist/config/scripts tkparse make[1]: Entering directory `/source/uClinux-dist/config/scripts' make[1]: “tkparse”是最新的。 make[1]: Leaving directory `/source/uClinux-dist/config/scripts' ARCH=dummy /source/uClinux-dist/config/scripts/tkparse < config.in > config.tmp cat /source/uClinux-dist/config/scripts/header.tk >> ./config.tk cat config.tmp >> config.tk rm -f config.tmp echo "set defaults /"/dev/null/"" >> config.tk echo "set help_file /"config/Configure.help/"" >> config.tk cat /source/uClinux-dist/config/scripts/tail.tk >> config.tk chmod 755 config.tk make: wish：命令未找到 make: *** [xconfig] 错误 127

解决办法是在新立得软件包管理器中找到以下几项并安装，然后再运行make xconfig就可以看到图形界面了。
tcl8.4
tcl8.4-dev
tk8.4
k8.4-dev

然后再进行配置：在下面这个选项里面选择GDB ARMulator，怎么选择应该不用再说了吧？

代码:

--- Select the Vendor you wish to target     (GDB) Vendor  --- Select the Product you wish to target      (ARMulator) GDB Products

Kernel选择2.4内核，Libc Version选择uC-libc

代码:

(linux-2.4.x) Kernel Version    (uC-libc) Libc Version          [ ] Default all settings (lose changes) [ ] Customize Kernel Settings          [ ] Customize Vendor/User Settings [ ] Update Default Vendor Settings

退出它会提示：

代码:

Do you wish to save your new kernel configuration?                    < Yes >      <  No  >

选择Yes
这个时候就可以进行编译了，编译首先用make dep
然后用make
很不幸，我们的错误总是不断存在！

代码:

arm/clone.S: Assembler messages: arm/clone.S:34: Error: undefined symbol `EINVAL' in operation make[3]: *** [arm/clone.o] 错误 1 make[3]: Leaving directory `/source/uClinux-dist/lib/libc/sysdeps' make[2]: *** [subdirs] 错误 1 make[2]: Leaving directory `/source/uClinux-dist/lib/libc' make[1]: *** [all] 错误 2 make[1]: Leaving directory `/source/uClinux-dist/lib' make: *** [subdirs] 错误 1

但有时候，就是因为这些错误使我们不断前行。
其实很多人都遇到了这个错误 ，是上面的库文件选择错了，什么？错了你还写在上面？我是想让你有更深的记忆！
make clean把上次编译过程生成的中间文件删除
然后make menuconfig
这次，我们把Libc Version换成uClibc

代码:

(uClibc) Libc Version

再重复上面的步骤：

代码:

make dep make

这个编译过程比较长，耐心等待。
编译成功后会在uClinux-dist目录里面生成一个images目录，这个目录里面有四个文件：
image.bin:这是包含内核映像和 romfs文件系统映像，可以写到Flash中的文件，
linux.data:包括内核所有的数据段
linux.text：包括内核所有的代码段
romfs.img:文件系统
另外在uClinux-dist/linux-2.4.x目录里面生成了两个文件：linux和system.map
linux:linux内核文件
system.map:内核符号表

然后在uClinux-dist目录里面建一个skyeye.conf文件，并键入以下配置文件

代码:

#skyeye config file sample cpu: arm7tdmi mach: at91 mem_bank: map=M, type=RW, addr=0x00000000, size=0x00004000 mem_bank: map=M, type=RW, addr=0x01000000, size=0x00400000 mem_bank: map=M, type=R,  addr=0x01400000, size=0x00400000, file=./boot.rom mem_bank: map=M, type=RW, addr=0x02000000, size=0x00400000 mem_bank: map=M, type=RW, addr=0x02400000, size=0x00008000 mem_bank: map=M, type=RW, addr=0x04000000, size=0x00400000 mem_bank: map=I, type=RW, addr=0xf0000000, size=0x10000000

注意这个配置文件中需要boot.rom 文件系统，但是我们并没有生成boot.rom文件系统，怎么办？
ln -s images/romfs.img boot.rom

代码:

wenwu@wenwu-desktop:/source/uClinux-dist$ ln -s images/romfs.img boot.rom

这是就可以在uClinux-dist 目录里面看到boot.rom这个文件
下面就可以用skyeye运行我们自己编译出来的内核了。

代码:

wenwu@wenwu-desktop:/source/uClinux-dist$ skyeye -e linux-2.4.x/linux big_endian is false. arch: arm cpu info: armv3, arm7tdmi, 41007700, fff8ff00, 0 mach info: name at91, mach_init addr 0x8057550 uart_mod:0, desc_in:, desc_out:, converter: SKYEYE: use arm7100 mmu ops Loaded ROM   ./boot.rom start addr is set to 0x01000000 by exec file. Linux version 2.4.24-uc0 (wenwu@wenwu-desktop) (gcc version 2.95.3 20010315 (release)(ColdFire patches - 20010318 from http://fiddes.net/coldfire/)(uClinux XIP and shared lib patches from http://www.snapgear.com/)) #2 2007年 11月 11日 星期日 16:21:16 CST Processor: Atmel AT91M40xxx revision 0 Architecture: EB01 On node 0 totalpages: 1024 zone(0): 0 pages. zone(1): 1024 pages. zone(2): 0 pages. Kernel command line: root=/dev/rom0 Calibrating delay loop... 15.82 BogoMIPS Memory: 4MB = 4MB total Memory: 2968KB available (850K code, 180K data, 40K init) Dentry cache hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) Inode cache hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) Mount cache hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) Buffer cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) Page-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) POSIX conformance testing by UNIFIX Linux NET4.0 for Linux 2.4 Based upon Swansea University Computer Society NET3.039 Initializing RT netlink socket Starting kswapd Atmel USART driver version 0.99 ttyS0 at 0xfffd0000 (irq = 2) is a builtin Atmel APB USART ttyS1 at 0xfffcc000 (irq = 3) is a builtin Atmel APB USART Blkmem copyright 1998,1999 D. Jeff Dionne Blkmem copyright 1998 Kenneth Albanowski Blkmem 1 disk images: 0: 1400000-14AC3FF [VIRTUAL 1400000-14AC3FF] (RO) RAMDISK driver initialized: 16 RAM disks of 4096K size 1024 blocksize NET4: Linux TCP/IP 1.0 for NET4.0 IP Protocols: ICMP, UDP, TCP IP: routing cache hash table of 512 buckets, 4Kbytes TCP: Hash tables configured (established 512 bind 512) NET4: Unix domain sockets 1.0/SMP for Linux NET4.0. VFS: Mounted root (romfs filesystem) readonly. Shell invoked to run file: /etc/rc Command: hostname GDB-ARMulator Command: /bin/expand /etc/ramfs.img /dev/ram0 Command: mount -t proc proc /proc Command: mount -t ext2 /dev/ram0 /var Command: mkdir /var/tmp Command: mkdir /var/log Command: mkdir /var/run Command: mkdir /var/lock Command: mkdir /var/empty Command: cat /etc/motd Welcome to           ____ _  _          /  __| ||_|                      _   _| |  | | _ ____  _   _  _  _    | | | | |  | || |  _ /| | | |/ // /    | |_| | |__| || | | | | |_| |/    /    |  ___/____|_||_|_| |_|/____|/_//_/    | |    |_| GDB/ARMulator support by <davidm@snapgear.com> For further information check: http://www.uclinux.org/ Execution Finished, Exiting Sash command shell (version 1.1.1) />

相信到这里整个uClinux 开发环境的拱建以及在skyeye上的运行方法都已经很清楚了。

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