1,简介
首先上图
一段简单创建界面的代码:
package Awt;
import java.awt.Button;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.Frame;
public class AwtDemo {
/**
创建图形化界面:
1,创建frame窗体
2,对窗体进行基本设置,比如位置,大小,布局
3,定义组件
4,将组件通过窗体的add方法添加到窗体中
5,让窗体显示,通过setVisible(true)
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame f=new Frame("my awt");
f.setSize(500,400);
f.setLocation(300,200);
//窗体弹出位置
f.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
Button b=new Button("按钮");
f.add(b);
f.setVisible(true);
}
}
结果:
2,事件监听机制
事件监听机制的特点:
1,事件源。
2,事件。
3,监听器。
4,事件处理。
事件源: 就是awt包或者swing包中的那些图形界面组件。
事件:每一个事件源都有自己特有的对应事件和共性事件。
监听器:将可以触发某一个事件的动作(不止一个动作)都已封装进了监听器中。
以上三者,在java中都已经定义好了,直接获取其对象来用就可以了。
我们要做的事情是,就是对产生的动作进行处理。
1,窗体监控,对窗体的X按钮进行关闭事件处理
public static void main(String[] args) {
Frame f=new Frame("my awt");
f.setSize(500,400);
f.setLocation(300,200);
//窗体弹出位置
f.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
Button b=new Button("按钮");
f.add(b);
//这里直接写匿名内部类,即MyWin
f.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent arg0) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
f.setVisible(true);
}
// class MyWin implements WindowListener
// {
// //需要覆盖7个方法,可是只用到了关闭动作。其他动作没用到,但是必须复写
// }
//因为WindowListener的子类WindowAdapter已经实现了WindowListener接口。
//并覆盖了其中所有方法,那么只需要继承WindowAdapter 覆盖需要的方法即可。
class MyWin extends WindowAdapter
{
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent arg0) {
System.exit(0);
}
}
}
点击窗体上的X后,程序会退出
2,Action事件,button的,下面演示点击button后退出
package Awt;
import java.awt.Button;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class FrameDemo {
// 定义该图形中所需的组件的引用
private Frame f;
private Button btn;
FrameDemo() {
init();
}
public void init() {
f = new Frame("my frame");
// 对frame进行基本设置
// 坐标(以左上角顶点为原点,距左边 和距上边的距离)和宽高
f.setBounds(300, 100, 500, 400);
f.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
btn = new Button("my button");
// 将组建添加到frame中
f.add(btn);
//加载窗体上的事件
myEvent();
// 显示窗体
f.setVisible(true);
}
private void myEvent() {
f.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent arg0) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
//让按钮具备退出程序的功能
/*
按钮就是事件源
那么选择哪个监听器呢?
通过关闭窗口示例了解到,想要知道那个组件具备什么样的特有监听器,需要查看该组件对象的功能
通过查阅button的描述,发现按钮支持一个特有监听addActionListener
*/
btn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
System.out.println("按钮退出");
System.exit(0);
}
});
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new FrameDemo();
}
}
2,鼠标、键盘事件
package Awt;
import java.awt.Button;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.TextField;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class MouseAndKeyEvent {
private Frame f;
private Button btn;
private TextField tf;
public MouseAndKeyEvent() {
init();
}
public void init() {
f = new Frame("my frame");
f.setBounds(300, 100, 500, 400);
f.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
btn = new Button("my button");
tf=new TextField(10); //参数为列数
f.add(btn);
f.add(tf);
myEvent();
f.setVisible(true);
}
private void myEvent() {
f.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent arg0) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
// 鼠标监听事件
btn.addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
// 当鼠标进入控件区域
private int count = 1;
private int clickCount = 1;
@Override
public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {
System.out.println("鼠标进入" + count++);
}
// 鼠标点击事件
@Override
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
//双击事件
if(e.getClickCount()==2)
{
System.out.println("鼠标双击" + clickCount++);
}
}
});
//鼠标点击事件相对于Action事件会先执行,但是Action敲击键盘(空格键)也可以执行
//按钮的事件如果可以的话尽量使用ActionEvent。
btn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
System.out.println("action ok");
}
});
//添加键盘事件
btn.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
//按ESC后会退出
//if(e.getKeyCode()==27)
if(e.getKeyCode()==KeyEvent.VK_ESCAPE)
{
System.exit(0);
}
//System.out.println(e.getKeyChar()+"....."+KeyEvent.getKeyText(e.getKeyCode()));
//按Ctrl+Enter退出
if(e.isControlDown()&&e.getKeyCode()==KeyEvent.VK_ENTER)
{
System.exit(0);
}
}
});
//让文本框只能输入1-9 数字
tf.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter()
{
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
int code=e.getKeyCode();
if(!(code>=KeyEvent.VK_0&&code<=KeyEvent.VK_9))
{
System.out.println("草");
e.consume();
//使用此事件,便不会按照默认的方式由产生此事件的源代码来处理此事件
}
}
});
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MouseAndKeyEvent();
}
}
3,Dialog对话框
package Awt;
import java.awt.Button;
import java.awt.Dialog;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.Label;
import java.awt.TextArea;
import java.awt.TextField;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.io.File;
public class MyWindowDemo {
private Frame f;
private Button btn;
private TextField tf;
private TextArea ta;
private Dialog d;
private Label lab;
private Button okButton;
public MyWindowDemo() {
init();
}
private void init() {
f = new Frame("my frame");
f.setBounds(300, 100, 600, 500);
f.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
btn = new Button("转到");
tf = new TextField(60); // 参数为列数
ta = new TextArea(15, 50); // 行,列
// true--必须要等待对话框的操作才能操作其他窗口
d = new Dialog(f, "提示信息:", true);
d.setBounds(400, 200, 240, 150);
d.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
lab = new Label();
okButton = new Button("确定");
d.add(lab);
d.add(okButton);
f.add(tf);
f.add(btn);
f.add(ta);
myEvent();
f.setVisible(true);
}
private void myEvent() {
f.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent arg0) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
// 对话框右上角的X事件
d.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
d.setVisible(false);
}
});
btn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
showDir();
}
});
//点击确定按钮或者按空格都会关闭对话框
okButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
d.setVisible(false);
}
});
//文本框的键盘监听事件
tf.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
int code = e.getKeyCode();
if (code == KeyEvent.VK_ENTER) {
showDir();
}
}
});
}
//获取目录
private void showDir() {
String dirPath = tf.getText();
File dir = new File(dirPath);
if (dir.exists() && dir.isDirectory()) {
ta.setText("");
String[] names = dir.list();
for (String name : names) {
// ta.setText(name+"\r\n"); 会覆盖
ta.append(name + "\r\n");
}
}
else {
String info = "您输入的信息" + dirPath + "是错误的,请重输";
lab.setText(info);
d.setVisible(true);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyWindowDemo();
}
}
当输错目录时按Enter或者按转到弹出对话框,然后按X或者空格或者点确定关闭窗口。
输对的情况下显示目录列表
4,菜单。-->下面一个建议记事本程序,可以打开,修改,保存文本文件
package Awt;
import java.awt.FileDialog;
import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.Menu;
import java.awt.MenuBar;
import java.awt.MenuItem;
import java.awt.TextArea;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
public class MyMenuDemo {
private Frame f;
//菜单条
private MenuBar bar;
private Menu fileMenu,subMenu;
private MenuItem closeItem,openItem,saveItem,subItem;
//文件对话框
private FileDialog openDia,saveDia;
private TextArea ta;
private File file;
MyMenuDemo()
{
init();
}
private void init() {
f = new Frame("my frame");
f.setBounds(300, 100, 650, 500);
//f.setLayout(new FlowLayout()); 是为默认边界布局,文本框会填充整个界面
bar=new MenuBar();
ta=new TextArea();
fileMenu=new Menu("文件");
subMenu=new Menu("子菜单");
openItem=new MenuItem("打开");
saveItem=new MenuItem("保存");
closeItem=new MenuItem("退出");
subItem=new MenuItem("子条目");
fileMenu.add(openItem);
fileMenu.add(saveItem);
fileMenu.add(subMenu);
subMenu.add(subItem);
fileMenu.add(closeItem);
bar.add(fileMenu);
f.setMenuBar(bar);
openDia=new FileDialog(f,"求打开",FileDialog.LOAD);
saveDia=new FileDialog(f,"保存",FileDialog.SAVE);
f.add(ta);
myEvent();
f.setVisible(true);
}
private void myEvent() {
f.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent arg0) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
//它的事件为活动监听
closeItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
//文件对话框
openItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
openDia.setVisible(true);
String dirPath=openDia.getDirectory();
String fileName=openDia.getFile();
if(dirPath==null||fileName==null)
return;
ta.setText(null);
file=new File(dirPath,fileName);
try {
BufferedReader bufr=new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file));
String line=null;
while((line=bufr.readLine())!=null)
{
ta.append(line+"\r\n");
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
saveItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
if(file==null)
{
saveDia.setVisible(true);
String dirPath=saveDia.getDirectory();
String fileName=saveDia.getFile();
if(dirPath==null||fileName==null)
return;
file=new File(dirPath,fileName);
}
try {
BufferedWriter bufw=new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(file));
String text=ta.getText();
bufw.write(text);
bufw.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyMenuDemo();
}
}
加上图形化界面:
package net3;
import java.awt.Button;
import java.awt.Dialog;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.Label;
import java.awt.TextArea;
import java.awt.TextField;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
public class MyIEByGUI {
private Frame f;
private Button btn;
private TextField tf;
private TextArea ta;
private Dialog d;
private Label lab;
private Button okButton;
public MyIEByGUI() {
init();
}
private void init() {
f = new Frame("my frame");
f.setBounds(300, 100, 600, 500);
f.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
btn = new Button("转到");
tf = new TextField(60); // 参数为列数
ta = new TextArea(15, 50); // 行,列
// true--必须要等待对话框的操作才能操作其他窗口
d = new Dialog(f, "提示信息:", true);
d.setBounds(400, 200, 240, 150);
d.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
lab = new Label();
okButton = new Button("确定");
d.add(lab);
d.add(okButton);
f.add(tf);
f.add(btn);
f.add(ta);
myEvent();
f.setVisible(true);
}
private void myEvent() {
f.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent arg0) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
// 对话框右上角的X事件
d.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
@Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
d.setVisible(false);
}
});
btn.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
try {
showDir();
} catch (UnknownHostException e1) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e1.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e1) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e1.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
//点击确定按钮或者按空格都会关闭对话框
okButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
d.setVisible(false);
}
});
//文本框的键盘监听事件
tf.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
int code = e.getKeyCode();
if (code == KeyEvent.VK_ENTER) {
try {
showDir();
} catch (UnknownHostException e1) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e1.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e1) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e1.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
});
}
private void showDir() throws UnknownHostException, IOException {
ta.setText("");
String url=tf.getText(); //http://192.168.1.102:8080/MyWeb/demo.html
int index1=url.indexOf("//")+2;
int index2=url.indexOf("/",index1);
//String str=url.substring(url.indexOf("//")+2);
String str=url.substring(index1,index2);
String []arr=str.split(":");
String host=arr[0];
int port=Integer.parseInt(arr[1]);
String path=url.substring(index2);
Socket s=new Socket(host,port);
PrintWriter out=new PrintWriter(s.getOutputStream(),true);
out.println("GET "+path+" HTTP/1.1");
out.println("Accept: */*");
out.println("Accept-Language: zh-cn");
out.println("Host: 192.168.1.102:8080");
out.println("Connection: Keep-Alive");
out.println("");
out.println("");
BufferedReader bufr=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(s.getInputStream()));
String line=null;
while((line=bufr.readLine())!=null)
{
ta.append(line+"\r\n");
}
s.close();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new MyIEByGUI();
}
}