pytest之运行测试

背景：

windows下，pytest运行测试主要有2种方式，分别是通过cmd运行，和通过pthon解释器运行。

通过CMD运行：

首先，启动cmd.exe，cd到用例文件夹所在的目录，然后可以执行以下命令来运行pytest.

1. pytest
2. py.test
3. python -m pytest

示例：

D:\Python3.7\project\pytest>pytest
================================================= test session starts =================================================
platform win32 -- Python 3.7.0, pytest-5.3.4, py-1.8.1, pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir: D:\Python3.7\project\pytest
plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.9, rerunfailures-8.0
collected 2 items

test_case\test_func.py .F                                                                                        [100%]

====================================================== FAILURES =======================================================
________________________________________________ test_add_by_func_aaa _________________________________________________

    def test_add_by_func_aaa():
        a = 4
        b = 6
>       assert add(a,b) == 9
E    assert 10 == 9
E     +  where 10 = add(4, 6)

test_case\test_func.py:14: AssertionError
============================================= 1 failed, 1 passed in 0.10s =============================================

D:\Python3.7\project\pytest>py.test
================================================= test session starts =================================================
platform win32 -- Python 3.7.0, pytest-5.3.4, py-1.8.1, pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir: D:\Python3.7\project\pytest
plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.9, rerunfailures-8.0
collected 2 items

test_case\test_func.py .F                                                                                        [100%]

====================================================== FAILURES =======================================================
________________________________________________ test_add_by_func_aaa _________________________________________________

    def test_add_by_func_aaa():
        a = 4
        b = 6
>       assert add(a,b) == 9
E    assert 10 == 9
E     +  where 10 = add(4, 6)

test_case\test_func.py:14: AssertionError
============================================= 1 failed, 1 passed in 0.12s =============================================

D:\Python3.7\project\pytest>python -m pytest
================================================= test session starts =================================================
platform win32 -- Python 3.7.0, pytest-5.3.4, py-1.8.1, pluggy-0.13.1
rootdir: D:\Python3.7\project\pytest
plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.9, rerunfailures-8.0
collected 2 items

test_case\test_func.py .F                                                                                        [100%]

====================================================== FAILURES =======================================================
________________________________________________ test_add_by_func_aaa _________________________________________________

    def test_add_by_func_aaa():
        a = 4
        b = 6
>       assert add(a,b) == 9
E    assert 10 == 9
E     +  where 10 = add(4, 6)

test_case\test_func.py:14: AssertionError
============================================= 1 failed, 1 passed in 0.10s =============================================

D:\Python3.7\project\pytest>

以上3个命令，效果都是一样的，可根据个人习惯选择使用。
当有参数时，通过cmd运行pytest，就是把参数依次加到命令后面，使用空格分隔：
示例：pytest -v -k aaa

D:\Python3.7\project\pytest>pytest -v -k aaa
================================================= test session starts =================================================
platform win32 -- Python 3.7.0, pytest-5.3.4, py-1.8.1, pluggy-0.13.1 -- d:\python3.7\python.exe
cachedir: .pytest_cache
rootdir: D:\Python3.7\project\pytest
plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.9, rerunfailures-8.0
collected 2 items / 1 deselected / 1 selected

test_case/test_func.py::test_add_by_func_aaa FAILED                                                              [100%]

====================================================== FAILURES =======================================================
________________________________________________ test_add_by_func_aaa _________________________________________________

    def test_add_by_func_aaa():
        a = 4
        b = 6
>       assert add(a,b) == 9
E    assert 10 == 9
E      -10
E      +9

test_case\test_func.py:14: AssertionError
=========================================== 1 failed, 1 deselected in 0.10s ===========================================

D:\Python3.7\project\pytest>

通过Python解释器运行

pytest.main([])
没有任何参数就是这样的格式，如果有参数，则参数按照列表的格式填写。
没有参数意味着pytest按照默认搜索规则执行用例。
带参数运行示例：

import pytest

if __name__ == '__main__':
	pytest.main(['-v','./test_case/test_func.py::test_add_by_func_aaa'])


‘’‘
stdout:
============================= test session starts =============================
platform win32 -- Python 3.7.0, pytest-5.3.4, py-1.8.1, pluggy-0.13.1 -- D:\Python3.7\python.exe
cachedir: .pytest_cache
rootdir: D:\Python3.7\project\pytest
plugins: allure-pytest-2.8.9, rerunfailures-8.0
collecting ... collected 1 item

test_case/test_func.py::test_add_by_func_aaa FAILED                      [100%]

================================== FAILURES ===================================
____________________________ test_add_by_func_aaa _____________________________

    def test_add_by_func_aaa():
    	a = 4
    	b = 6
>   	assert add(a,b) == 9
E    assert 10 == 9
E      -10
E      +9

test_case\test_func.py:14: AssertionError
============================== 1 failed in 0.08s ==============================
[Finished in 1.4s]
’‘’