for, Arrays and for Loops,for Loop bugs, Nested Selection

for Keyword

 

Using for loops with Arrays

Output all the elements on the array.

 

 

Divide Each Element by 2

 

Can use while to achieve same target

 

Similar with using %s with printf and a char array:

Use ‘\0’ or 0 as ending point. Sometimes we need to use !=‘ ’  If it is required

 

while vs for:

 

for : know how many iterations is required

 

while: do not know the times of iterations.

 

Notice:

 

for loop can be written as an infinite loop as :

 

 

Printing an Array, Using a Loop:

 

Chose the number of elements in the array as the index to control the iteration of for loop

Printf the array from final to first:

 

Copying Between Arrays:

 

 

 

Copy from one array to another array in reverse:

 

Basic Searching:

 

How many elements in search_dataare greater than 25 :

The message array’s size:

Iterating a C-String:

Exercise:

 

Requirements (5x01a Number to Word switch)

Design

Declare a variable => printf(“input a number…”)=> scanf =>switich(number){case 0;case1;case2….;default}=> printf(“zero; one; ….; invalid”)

 

Implementation

 

Requirements (5x02a - Conditional Max of Two)

 

Design

Declare two variables=> printf(“first number”)=>scanf()=>printf(“second number”)=>scanf=> if(number1 > number2)=> printf(“…”);=> if(number2>1)=> printf(“…”).

 

Implementation

Test

Errors Encountered

When using the if and else:

 

Debugging:

Condition is wrong

Lessons Learnt:

Be care the condition inside the if or else if.

 

 

 

 

Requirements (5x03a - Count Up Loop)

 

Design

Declare a variable

=> for (i=40, i <= 400, ++i)

=> {printf(“…”);}

 

Implementation

Test

 

Requirements (5x04a - Simple Loop)

Design

Declare a variable =>printf(“n?”);=> scanf

=> for(int i =1; i<=n; ++i) =>{printf(“[…]”);}

 

Implementation

Test

 

 

 

Requirements (5x05a - Multiplication Table)

Design

Declare two variables => printf(“enter a number…”)=>scanf()=>printf(“the7 times…”)

 

=>for (int i=0; I<=14; ++I) => result =i*number; =>printf(“%d x %d = %d”, i, number, result)

 

Implementation

 

 

Test

 

Requirements (5x06a - Power Using a Loop)

 

Design

Declare three variables => printf(“enter the base”)=> scanf => printf(“enter the power”)=>scanf

=> printf(“…is the same as…”)=> printf(base)

=> for (int i =1; i<=(power-1); ++i) => {printf(“%d”, base)=> result *= base}

=> printf(“which is…”)

 

Implementation

Test

 

Errors Encountered

 

Debugging:

 

Should use variable rather the const number.

 

Lessons Learnt:

Should be care about if the number or variable should be used

 

 

Requirements (5x07a - ASCII Alphabet Printer)

 

Design

Printf(“a”);

=>Char alphabet_lowcase = ‘a’;

=>For (int i =1; i<=26; ++i) => alphabe_lowecase += i;=> printf(alphabe_lowcase)

Printf(“A”);

=>Char alphabet_upcase = ‘A’;

=>=>For (int i =1; i<=26; ++i) => alphabe_upecase += i; => printf(alphabe_upcase)

 

Implementation

Test

 

Errors Encountered & Debugging:

Because these variables are char, it cannot be calculated as int (by using ++ or +=)

 

Lessons Learnt:

The char cannot be calculated as int (by using ++ or +=), notice the type of char !

 

 

 

Requirements (5x08a - Fix This Loop)

Debugging

 

 

Implementation

 

Test