ssh(spring springMVC hibernate)的整合

一、开发前的准备

1. eclipse
2. JDK 1.8
3. tomcat9
4. maven 3.5

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二、引入maven依赖

pom.xml文件

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.lcw666</groupId>
    <artifactId>ssh</artifactId>
    <version>1.0</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <properties>
        <spring.version>4.3.11.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <aspectj.version>1.8.10</aspectj.version>
        <hibernate.version>5.2.10.Final</hibernate.version>
        <c3p0.version>0.9.5.2</c3p0.version>
        <dbcp2.version>2.1.1</dbcp2.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- javaWeb相关 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.1</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 单元测试 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- mysql驱动 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.38</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- hibernate核心包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- spring mvc相关包(会自动依赖spring核心包、上下文包等)-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--spring-orm 对象模型 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- spring单元测试 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 面向切面编程相关 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
            <version>${aspectj.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>${aspectj.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- dbcp2 连接池 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbcp2</artifactId>
            <version>${dbcp2.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- codec  -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
            <version>1.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- hibernate验证 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
            <version>5.4.1.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- json转化工具 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.0</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- 设置maven编译的jdk版本 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

---

三、spring与hibernate整合

orm-Object Relational Mapping 对象关系映射。

spring orm模块提供了对mybatis、hibernate 等orm框架的支持 ，在这里只讲spring与hibernate 的整合开发。
有了spring之后，配置数据库连接池、Hibernate的SessionFactory以及事务等都交给spring去管理。不用自己写单例和代理来管理业务逻辑层，Spring IoC管理的对象默认就是单例的，AOP可以生成代理对象。

配置 applicationContext.xml ,主要配置数据库连接池、hibernate SessionFactory工厂 和 事务管理器

applicationContext.xml应用上下文配置文件放在类

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">

    <!-- 指定扫描哪个包来搜索被注解的类 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.lcw666">
        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation"
            expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" 
            expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice"/>
    </context:component-scan>
    <!-- 使用注解配置spring的bean(被spring的IoC容器管理的对象) -->
    <context:annotation-config />
    <!-- 自动生成代理对象 -->
    <aop:aspectj-autoproxy />

    <!-- 配置数据库连接池 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp2.BasicDataSource"
        destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///ssh" />
        <property name="username" value="root" />
        <property name="password" value="lcw123" />
        <property name="initialSize" value="10"/>
        <property name="maxTotal" value="50"/>
        <property name="maxWaitMillis" value="4000"/>
    </bean>
    <!--配置sessionFactory -->
    <bean id="sessionFactory"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.lcw666.domain" />
        <property name="hibernateProperties">
            <value>
                hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL57Dialect
                hibernate.show_sql=true
                hibernate.format_sql=true
                javax.persistence.validation.mode=none
            </value>
            <!-- hibernate.current_session_context_class=thread  当spring接管事务管理的时候，不需要线程上下文，它有自己的上下文 -->
        </property>

    </bean>

    <!-- 配置事物管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory"  ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置使用声明式事务 -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />

</beans>

---

四、配置spring MVC

1.配置前端控制器DispatcherServlet, 这是一个servlet，所以它的配置是在web.xml 文件中配置的。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
    id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
    <display-name>ssh</display-name>
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>

    <!-- 配置前端控制器 -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>frontController</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!-- 指定spring-mvc.xml配置文件的文件名和文件路径 -->
        <!-- 如何不配置这个，那么默认会去找/WEB-INF/frontController-servlet.xml -->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!-- 启动时加载这个servlet -->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        <multipart-config />
    </servlet>
    <!-- 拦截所有请求 -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>frontController</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

2.配置spring-mvc.xml ，这是spring MVC的配置文件，主要配置视图解析器ViewResolver、静态资源文件和消息转化器MessageConverter。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd">


    <!-- 扫描controller所在的包以及子包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.lcw666.controller" />
    <!-- 通过注解驱动配置springMVC -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven>
      <!-- 消息转化器，将结果以浏览器能够识别的格式放入response的消息体里面 -->
      <mvc:message-converters>
          <!-- 处理图片 -->
          <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.BufferedImageHttpMessageConverter"/>
          <!-- 处理字符串 -->
          <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter"/>
          <!-- 处理json数据 -->
          <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"/>
      </mvc:message-converters> 
    </mvc:annotation-driven>
    <!-- 配置jsp的视图解析器-->
    <bean id="viewResolver"
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" /> <!-- 前缀 -->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />   <!-- 后缀 -->
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置使用应用服务器默认的servlet处理静态资源 -->
    <!-- <mvc:default-servlet-handler/> -->
    <!--这里是对静态资源的映射 -->
    <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/js/" />
    <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/css/" />
    <mvc:resources mapping="/images/**" location="/images/" />  
</beans>

3.配置处理器映射器 handler mapping - 也就是控制器 controller ，用来映射用户的请求，这个只需要在pojo上打一个@Controller注解就可以标志为控制器，里面的每个方法上打上@RequestMapping注解，即可映射每个对应的请求。

---

五、最后的整合

最后只需要在web.xml 里面配置加载applicationContext.xml应用上下文的配置文件的监听器即可。
在web.xml正加入以下配置:

<!-- 配置加载上下文的监听器 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <!-- 配置字符过滤器 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

---

到这里ssh的全部配置基本完成了，以下是最终目录结构