1、实现一个用户管理
2、首先创建一个简单的java工程,命名为:Spring_Simulation。
3、添加jdom.jar,用于解析xml文件;添加JUnit Library,用于测试。
4、创建目录结构如下:
其中:
1)com.model目录下是实体类User.java,定义属性username,对应其get\set方法:
public class User {
private String userName;
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
}
2)com.dao目录下是接口UserDAO.java,定义一个save方法,保存User实体
public interface UserDAO {
public void save(User user);
}
com.dao.impl目录是UserDAO的实现类(针对不同的数据库进行相应的操作,如:MySQL和Oracle等),这里是一个模拟的实现类UserDAOImpl.java:
public class UserDAOImpl implements UserDAO{
public void save(User user) {
System.out.println("user save succed..."); //直接输出信息
}
}
3)com.service目录下放的是逻辑处理类UserService.java,定义属性UserDAO及其get\set方法,另外一个新增user的方法addUser,调用UserDAO实现类的save方法:
public class UserService {
private UserDAO userDao;
public UserDAO getUserDao() {
return userDao;
}
public void setUserDao(UserDAO userDao) {
this.userDao = userDao;
}
public void addUser(User user){
userDao.save(user);
}
}
4)com.spring目录下就是模拟Spring的核心实现
BeanFactory.java:bean的工厂类
public interface BeanFactory {
public Object getBean(String name);
}
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java,实现BeanFactory,相当于bean的容器,定义一个Map用于保存所有bean,同时在构造方法中,解析beans.xml,将其中所配置的所有bean存储到beans中,而getBean方法则根据名字从beans中取对应的bean
public class ClassPathXmlApplicationContext implements BeanFactory{
private Map<String,Object> beans = new HashMap<String,Object>();
public ClassPathXmlApplicationContext()throws Exception{
SAXBuilder sb=new SAXBuilder();
Document doc=sb.build(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.class
.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("beans.xml")); //读取beans.xml构造文档对象
Element root=doc.getRootElement(); //获取根元素
List list=root.getChildren("bean");//取名字为bean的所有元素
//解析所有bean
for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++){
Element element=(Element)list.get(i);
String id=element.getAttributeValue("id"); //id
String clazz=element.getAttributeValue("class"); //对应的类名
System.out.println(id + ":" + clazz);
Object obj = Class.forName(clazz).newInstance();
beans.put(id, obj);
//解析每个bean的property,同时注入
for(Element propertyElement : (List<Element>)element.getChildren("property")){
String name = propertyElement.getAttributeValue("name");//userDao
String bean = propertyElement.getAttributeValue("bean");//uerDaoImpl
Object beanObj = beans.get(bean); //com.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl
String methodName = "set"+name.substring(0,1).toUpperCase()+name.substring(1); //
System.out.println("methodName:"+methodName);
Method method = obj.getClass().getMethod(methodName, beanObj.getClass().getInterfaces()[0]); //setUserDao(UserDAO)
method.invoke(obj, beanObj);
//注入,执行:setUserDao(UserDAOImpl)
}
}
}
//根据名字获取bean
public Object getBean(String name) {
return beans.get(name);
}
}
5)src根目录下,定义beans.xm
<beans>
<bean id="userDaoImpl" class="com.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl" />
<bean id="userService" class="com.service.UserService" >
<property name="userDao" bean="userDaoImpl"/>
</bean>
</beans>
6)test.service目录下对应UserService的测试类UserServiceTest
public class UserServiceTest extends TestCase {
public void testAddUser() throws Exception{
BeanFactory beanFactory = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext();
UserService userService = (UserService)beanFactory.getBean("userService"); //通过工厂方法获取beans.xml中配置的userService对应的类:com.service.UserService
User user = new User();
userService.addUser(user);
}
}
5、右击UserServicTest类:Run as -> JUnit Test进行测试,运行结果如下:
userDaoImpl:com.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl
userService:com.service.UserService
methodName:setUserDao
user save succed...
测试通过。
6、用Spring的方式实现
1)引入Spring libraries,新增一个User Libaries:Spring2.5.6,引入spring.jar和commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
右击Spring_Simulation工程,Bulder Path -> Add Libraries -> User Libraries-> 选中Spring2.5.6 点击Finish,工程的面板中,可以看到Spring2.5.6 Libraries:
2)改造Spring_Simulation为通过Spring来实现
a、删除整个com.spring包及里面的所有文件(BeanFactory.java和ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java)
b、修改beans.xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
<bean id="userDaoImpl" class="com.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl"/>
<bean id="userService" class="com.service.UserService">
<property name="userDao" ref="userDaoImpl"/>
</bean>
</beans>
说明:Spring的配置文件中配置bean的属性可以用:
<property name="userDao" ref="userDaoImpl"/>
也可以用
<property name="userDao">
<ref local="userDaoImpl"/>
</ property >c、修改测试类UserServiceTest的实现方法:
public void testAddUser() throws Exception{
BeanFactory beanFactory = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
UserService userService = (UserService)beanFactory.getBean("userService");
User user = new User();
userService.addUser(user);
}
d、运行测试类UserServiceTest,运行结果如下:
user savesucced...
7、通过Spring的方式实现验证,证明我们的模拟代码和Spring的实现方式大体是一致的。