war maven

war包即对WEB应用程序进行打包，用于应用容器的部署。如在jboss中只要把war包丢入deploy目录下即可发布自己的应用了。打包方式有很多中，很多工具本身就支持此功能。下面主要介绍通过maven来操作的两种方式：

方法一：

即第一反应的那种啦，就是利用maven的maven-war-plugin。

 

Xml代码
<build>
<plugins>
......
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.0.2</version>
<configuration>
<warSourceExcludes>WEB-INF/lib/log4j-${log4j.version}.jar</warSourceExcludes>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>

<build>
<plugins>
......
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.0.2</version>
<configuration>
<warSourceExcludes>WEB-INF/lib/log4j-${log4j.version}.jar</warSourceExcludes>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>

当然你可以指定war包的名称，输出的目录，webapp目录等等。

可以在需要打包的工程中直接设定：<pom>war</pom>

这样在install的时候就会对此工程生成相应配置的war包，原来此web工程依赖的其他工程全部会以jar包的形式出现在lib目录下，所以不需要再去关心war包中集成的jar包是否完整，maven已经帮你做完了。

 

顺便提一句，在jboss中发布war包，如果包中包含log4j.jar，会报错，所以在本例中将此jar包排除在外。

 

方法二：

不用war插件，而是用到另外三个插件：maven-dependency-plugin 、maven-antrun-plugin 、 build-helper-maven-plugin

下面分别说明下着三个插件在此过程扮演的角色：

maven-dependency-plugin ：相当于数据收集器，该依赖那些jar包，该加载那些resource信息。

maven-antrun-plugin：完成收集完文件夹的压缩和包的重命名。

build-helper-maven-plugin：让压缩包拥有男人本色，oh sorry 是war本色。

 

在写pom.xml配置前，先说明下目录结构

root

|

|---template

|

|---wardir

 

其中这两个目录都作为maven的独立工程，下面要写配置在wardir下的pom.xml中

Xml代码
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>create-structure</id>
<phase>process-resources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>unpack</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<artifactItems>
<artifactItem>
<groupId>GROUPID</groupId>
<artifactId>template</artifactId>
</artifactItem>
</artifactItems>
<outputDirectory>
${project.build.directory}/${assembly.name}.war
</outputDirectory>
</configuration>
</execution>
<execution>
<id>copy-libs</id>
<phase>process-resources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>copy</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<artifactItems>
<artifactItem>
<groupId>jdom</groupId>
<artifactId>jdom</artifactId>
</artifactItem>
......
</artifactItems>

<outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/${assembly.name}.war/WEB-INF/lib</outputDirectory>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.3</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>copy-config</id>
<phase>process-resources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>run</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<tasks>
<copy todir="${project.build.directory}/${assembly.name}.war">
<fileset dir="src/main/resources" />
</copy>
<zip destfile="${project.build.directory}/${assembly.name}-${project.version}-war.zip">
<zipfileset dir="${project.build.directory}/${assembly.name}.war" includes="**/*.*" excludes="*.zip" />
</zip>
<copy file="${project.build.directory}/${assembly.name}-${project.version}-war.zip"
tofile="${project.build.directory}/${assembly.name}-${project.version}.war" />
</tasks>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>build-helper-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>attach-artifacts</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>attach-artifact</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<artifacts>
<artifact>
<file>${project.build.directory}/${assembly.name}-${project.version}.war</file>
<type>war</type>
</artifact>
</artifacts>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>

<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>create-structure</id>
<phase>process-resources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>unpack</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<artifactItems>
<artifactItem>
<groupId>GROUPID</groupId>
<artifactId>template</artifactId>
</artifactItem>
</artifactItems>
<outputDirectory>
${project.build.directory}/${assembly.name}.war
</outputDirectory>
</configuration>
</execution>
<execution>
<id>copy-libs</id>
<phase>process-resources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>copy</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<artifactItems>
<artifactItem>
<groupId>jdom</groupId>
<artifactId>jdom</artifactId>
</artifactItem>
......
</artifactItems>

<outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/${assembly.name}.war/WEB-INF/lib</outputDirectory>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.3</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>copy-config</id>
<phase>process-resources</phase>
<goals>
<goal>run</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<tasks>
<copy todir="${project.build.directory}/${assembly.name}.war">
<fileset dir="src/main/resources" />
</copy>
<zip destfile="${project.build.directory}/${assembly.name}-${project.version}-war.zip">
<zipfileset dir="${project.build.directory}/${assembly.name}.war" includes="**/*.*" excludes="*.zip" />
</zip>
<copy file="${project.build.directory}/${assembly.name}-${project.version}-war.zip"
tofile="${project.build.directory}/${assembly.name}-${project.version}.war" />
</tasks>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
<artifactId>build-helper-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>attach-artifacts</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>attach-artifact</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<artifacts>
<artifact>
<file>${project.build.directory}/${assembly.name}-${project.version}.war</file>
<type>war</type>
</artifact>
</artifacts>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build> 当然这种方式也可以用来打ear包。对于打无页面操作系统的war包，个人认为用后者更灵活，当然建立假web工程，再依赖工程，通过第一种方式同样可以达到最终的结果。看个人喜好了。

 

结束语：maven真的很强大！

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