一、功能描述
目标:获取上交所和深交所所有股票的名称和交易 信息
输出:保存到文件中
技术路线:requests-bs4-re
二、
选取原则:股票信息静态存在于HTML页面中,非js代码生成,没有robots协议限制
三、程序的结构设计
1、从东方财富网获取股票列表
2、根据股票列表逐个到百度股票获取个股信息
3、将结果存储到文件
四、
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import traceback
import re
def getHTMLText(url):
try:
r = requests.get(url, timeout=30)
r.raise_for_status()
r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding
return r.text
except:
return ""
#构造得到股票编号列表的函数
def getStockList(lst, stockURL):
html = getHTMLText(stockURL)
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
a = soup.find_all('a')
for i in a:
try:
href = i.attrs['href']
lst.append(re.findall(r"[s][hz]\d{6}", href)[0])
except:
continue
#构造得到股票信息的函数
def getStockInfo(lst, stockURL, fpath):
for stock in lst:
url = stockURL + stock +".html"
html = getHTMLText(url) #得到具体单支股票页面的html
try:
if html == "":
continue
infoDict={}
soup = BeautifulSoup(html,"html.parser")
stockInfo = soup.find("div", attrs={"class":"stock-bets"}) #找到属性为"class":"stock-bets",名称为div的标签
name = stockInfo.find(attrs={"class":"bets-name"}) #在div标签中,找到属性为"class":"bets-name"的标签
infoDict.update({"股票名称":name.text.split()[0]}) #字典添加键值对,其中name.text为name标签中的文本信息,包括换行符和空字符,利用split()函数后,返回股票名字和标号的列表。
keyList = stockInfo.find_all("dt") #在div标签中,找到所有dt标签
valueList = stockInfo.find_all("dd")
for i in range(len(keyList)):
key = keyList[i].text
val = valueList[i].text
infoDict[key] = val
with open(fpath, "a", encoding="utf-8") as f:
f.write(str(infoDict) + "\n")
except:
traceback.print_exc() #将具体的错误信息及其所在位置打印出来
continue
def main():
stock_list_url = "http://quote.eastmoney.com/stocklist.html"
stock_info_url = "https://gupiao.baidu.com/stock/"
output_file = "D://BaiduStockInfo.txt"
slist=[]
getStockList(slist, stock_list_url)
getStockInfo(slist, stock_info_url, output_file)
main()
五、针对上述代码的改进
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import traceback
import re
def getHTMLText(url,code='utf-8'):#加入一个形参code,设置其默认值为utf-8编码
try:
r = requests.get(url)
r.raise_for_status()
r.encoding = code #不需要再次通过解析正文的信息而得到编码
return r.text
except:
return ""
def getStockList(lst, stockURL):
html = getHTMLText(stockURL,'GB2312')
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
a = soup.find_all('a')
for i in a:
try:
href = i.attrs['href']
lst.append(re.findall(r"[s][hz]\d{6}", href)[0])
except:
continue
def getStockInfo(lst, stockURL, fpath):
count=0
for stock in lst:
url = stockURL + stock + ".html"
html = getHTMLText(url)
try:
if html=="":
continue
infoDict = {}
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
stockInfo = soup.find('div',attrs={'class':'stock-bets'})
name = stockInfo.find(attrs={'class':'bets-name'})
infoDict.update({'股票名称': name.text.split()[0]})
keyList = stockInfo.find_all('dt')
valueList = stockInfo.find_all('dd')
for i in range(len(keyList)):
key = keyList[i].text
val = valueList[i].text
infoDict[key] = val
with open(fpath, 'a', encoding='utf-8') as f:
f.write( str(infoDict) + '\n' )
count = count + 1
print("\r当前速度:{:.2f}%".format(count*100/len(lst)),end="")#\r实现了打印信息完毕后光标重新移动至开始位置。
except:
count = count + 1
print("\r当前速度:{:.2f}%".format(count*100/len(lst)),end="")
continue
def main():
stock_list_url = 'http://quote.eastmoney.com/stocklist.html'
stock_info_url = 'https://gupiao.baidu.com/stock/'
output_file = 'D:/BaiduStockInfo.txt'
slist=[]
getStockList(slist, stock_list_url)
getStockInfo(slist, stock_info_url, output_file)
main()