hostapd wpa_supplicant madwifi详细分析（八）——wpa_supplicant的配置文件

   距离上一篇文章的更新已经将近半年了，这半年忙项目忙得几乎没有什么时间给自己积累一些东西，也没什么心思转到这边来写点东西，当一个项目放到自己身上的时候，发现并不像开发一个模块或一个功能那么简单，涉及方方面面，各种琐碎的的事情会占据大量的时间。

   前面写的关于hostapd的文章都太浅显了，一般都没怎么涉及到具体的功能，只是简单的分析了一下代码的流程，然而对于实际的功能开发和bug调试其实用处不大，后面的文章将从wpa_supplicant入手做进一步的了解。hostapd主要用于AP端的开发，比如路由器，无线AP等，但是wpa_supplicant的使用会更广泛，只要是无线客户端，需要和AP建立链接就可能会用到wpa_supplicant（除了一些厂商将加密和WPS整合到driver外，如MTK等），而且它支持的协议多。

   下面是最新的hostapd.git里面share出来的一份wpa_supplicant.conf配置文件，一般成熟的公司可能不会很喜欢新的code，会更喜欢稳定的code，但是对于自己学习还是会比较追新，所以关于hostapd的代码可以经常到git://w1.fi/hostap.git  pull 一下，看看都加了些什么。

[you@you hostapd.git]$ find -name wpa_supplicant.conf
./wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

[you@you hostapd.git]$ cat ./wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
##### Example wpa_supplicant configuration file ###############################
#
# This file describes configuration file format and lists all available option.
# Please also take a look at simpler configuration examples in 'examples'
# subdirectory.
#
# Empty lines and lines starting with # are ignored

# NOTE! This file may contain password information and should probably be made
# readable only by root user on multiuser systems.

# Note: All file paths in this configuration file should use full (absolute,
# not relative to working directory) path in order to allow working directory
# to be changed. This can happen if wpa_supplicant is run in the background.

# Whether to allow wpa_supplicant to update (overwrite) configuration
#
# This option can be used to allow wpa_supplicant to overwrite configuration
# file whenever configuration is changed (e.g., new network block is added with
# wpa_cli or wpa_gui, or a password is changed). This is required for
# wpa_cli/wpa_gui to be able to store the configuration changes permanently.
# Please note that overwriting configuration file will remove the comments from
# it.
#update_config=1

# global configuration (shared by all network blocks)
#
# Parameters for the control interface. If this is specified, wpa_supplicant
# will open a control interface that is available for external programs to
# manage wpa_supplicant. The meaning of this string depends on which control
# interface mechanism is used. For all cases, the existence of this parameter
# in configuration is used to determine whether the control interface is
# enabled.
#
# For UNIX domain sockets (default on Linux and BSD): This is a directory that
# will be created for UNIX domain sockets for listening to requests from
# external programs (CLI/GUI, etc.) for status information and configuration.
# The socket file will be named based on the interface name, so multiple
# wpa_supplicant processes can be run at the same time if more than one
# interface is used.
# /var/run/wpa_supplicant is the recommended directory for sockets and by
# default, wpa_cli will use it when trying to connect with wpa_supplicant.
#
# Access control for the control interface can be configured by setting the
# directory to allow only members of a group to use sockets. This way, it is
# possible to run wpa_supplicant as root (since it needs to change network
# configuration and open raw sockets) and still allow GUI/CLI components to be
# run as non-root users. However, since the control interface can be used to
# change the network configuration, this access needs to be protected in many
# cases. By default, wpa_supplicant is configured to use gid 0 (root). If you
# want to allow non-root users to use the control interface, add a new group
# and change this value to match with that group. Add users that should have
# control interface access to this group. If this variable is commented out or
# not included in the configuration file, group will not be changed from the
# value it got by default when the directory or socket was created.
#
# When configuring both the directory and group, use following format:
# DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=wheel
# DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=0
# (group can be either group name or gid)
#
# For UDP connections (default on Windows): The value will be ignored. This
# variable is just used to select that the control interface is to be created.
# The value can be set to, e.g., udp (ctrl_interface=udp)
#
# For Windows Named Pipe: This value can be used to set the security descriptor
# for controlling access to the control interface. Security descriptor can be
# set using Security Descriptor String Format (see http://msdn.microsoft.com/
# library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/secauthz/security/
# security_descriptor_string_format.asp). The descriptor string needs to be
# prefixed with SDDL=. For example, ctrl_interface=SDDL=D: would set an empty
# DACL (which will reject all connections). See README-Windows.txt for more
# information about SDDL string format.
#
ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant

# IEEE 802.1X/EAPOL version
# wpa_supplicant is implemented based on IEEE Std 802.1X-2004 which defines
# EAPOL version 2. However, there are many APs that do not handle the new
# version number correctly (they seem to drop the frames completely). In order
# to make wpa_supplicant interoperate with these APs, the version number is set
# to 1 by default. This configuration value can be used to set it to the new
# version (2).
# Note: When using MACsec, eapol_version shall be set to 3, which is
# defined in IEEE Std 802.1X-2010.
eapol_version=1

# AP scanning/selection
# By default, wpa_supplicant requests driver to perform AP scanning and then
# uses the scan results to select a suitable AP. Another alternative is to
# allow the driver to take care of AP scanning and selection and use
# wpa_supplicant just to process EAPOL frames based on IEEE 802.11 association
# information from the driver.
# 1: wpa_supplicant initiates scanning and AP selection; if no APs matching to
#    the currently enabled networks are found, a new network (IBSS or AP mode
#    operation) may be initialized (if configured) (default)
# 0: driver takes care of scanning, AP selection, and IEEE 802.11 association
#    parameters (e.g., WPA IE generation); this mode can also be used with
#    non-WPA drivers when using IEEE 802.1X mode; do not try to associate with
#    APs (i.e., external program needs to control association). This mode must
#    also be used when using wired Ethernet drivers.
#    Note: macsec_qca driver is one type of Ethernet driver which implements
#    macsec feature.
# 2: like 0, but associate with APs using security policy and SSID (but not
#    BSSID); this can be used, e.g., with ndiswrapper and NDIS drivers to
#    enable operation with hidden SSIDs and optimized roaming; in this mode,
#    the network blocks in the configuration file are tried one by one until
#    the driver reports successful association; each network block should have
#    explicit security policy (i.e., only one option in the lists) for
#    key_mgmt, pairwise, group, proto variables
# Note: ap_scan=2 should not be used with the nl80211 driver interface (the
# current Linux interface). ap_scan=1 is optimized work working with nl80211.
# For finding networks using hidden SSID, scan_ssid=1 in the network block can
# be used with nl80211.
# When using IBSS or AP mode, ap_scan=2 mode can force the new network to be
# created immediately regardless of scan results. ap_scan=1 mode will first try
# to scan for existing networks and only if no matches with the enabled
# networks are found, a new IBSS or AP mode network is created.
ap_scan=1

# Whether to force passive scan for network connection
#
# By default, scans will send out Probe Request frames on channels that allow
# active scanning. This advertise the local station to the world. Normally this
# is fine, but users may wish to do passive scanning where the radio should only
# listen quietly for Beacon frames and not send any Probe Request frames. Actual
# functionality may be driver dependent.
#
# This parameter can be used to force only passive scanning to be used
# for network connection cases. It should be noted that this will slow
# down scan operations and reduce likelihood of finding the AP. In
# addition, some use cases will override this due to functional
# requirements, e.g., for finding an AP that uses hidden SSID
# (scan_ssid=1) or P2P device discovery.
#
# 0:  Do normal scans (allow active scans) (default)
# 1:  Do passive scans.
#passive_scan=0

# MPM residency
# By default, wpa_supplicant implements the mesh peering manager (MPM) for an
# open mesh. However, if the driver can implement the MPM, you may set this to
# 0 to use the driver version. When AMPE is enabled, the wpa_supplicant MPM is
# always used.
# 0: MPM lives in the driver
# 1: wpa_supplicant provides an MPM which handles peering (default)
#user_mpm=1

# Maximum number of peer links (0-255; default: 99)
# Maximum number of mesh peering currently maintained by the STA.
#max_peer_links=99

# Timeout in seconds to detect STA inactivity (default: 300 seconds)
#
# This timeout value is used in mesh STA to clean up inactive stations.
#mesh_max_inactivity=300

# cert_in_cb - Whether to include a peer certificate dump in events
# This controls whether peer certificates for authentication server and
# its certificate chain are included in EAP peer certificate events. This is
# enabled by default.
#cert_in_cb=1

# EAP fast re-authentication
# By default, fast re-authentication is enabled for all EAP methods that
# support it. This variable can be used to disable fast re-authentication.
# Normally, there is no need to disable this.
fast_reauth=1

# OpenSSL Engine support
# These options can be used to load OpenSSL engines.
# The two engines that are supported currently are shown below:
# They are both from the opensc project (http://www.opensc.org/)
# By default no engines are loaded.
# make the opensc engine available
#opensc_engine_path=/usr/lib/opensc/engine_opensc.so
# make the pkcs11 engine available
#pkcs11_engine_path=/usr/lib/opensc/engine_pkcs11.so
# configure the path to the pkcs11 module required by the pkcs11 engine
#pkcs11_module_path=/usr/lib/pkcs11/opensc-pkcs11.so

# OpenSSL cipher string
#
# This is an OpenSSL specific configuration option for configuring the default
# ciphers. If not set, "DEFAULT:!EXP:!LOW" is used as the default.
# See https://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html for OpenSSL documentation
# on cipher suite configuration. This is applicable only if wpa_supplicant is
# built to use OpenSSL.
#openssl_ciphers=DEFAULT:!EXP:!LOW


# Dynamic EAP methods
# If EAP methods were built dynamically as shared object files, they need to be
# loaded here before being used in the network blocks. By default, EAP methods
# are included statically in the build, so these lines are not needed
#load_dynamic_eap=/usr/lib/wpa_supplicant/eap_tls.so
#load_dynamic_eap=/usr/lib/wpa_supplicant/eap_md5.so

# Driver interface parameters
# This field can be used to configure arbitrary driver interace parameters. The
# format is specific to the selected driver interface. This field is not used
# in most cases.
#driver_param="field=value"

# Country code
# The ISO/IEC alpha2 country code for the country in which this device is
# currently operating.
#country=US

# Maximum lifetime for PMKSA in seconds; default 43200
#dot11RSNAConfigPMKLifetime=43200
# Threshold for reauthentication (percentage of PMK lifetime); default 70
#dot11RSNAConfigPMKReauthThreshold=70
# Timeout for security association negotiation in seconds; default 60
#dot11RSNAConfigSATimeout=60

# Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) parameters

# Universally Unique IDentifier (UUID; see RFC 4122) of the device
# If not configured, UUID will be generated based on the local MAC address.
#uuid=12345678-9abc-def0-1234-56789abcdef0

# Device Name
# User-friendly description of device; up to 32 octets encoded in UTF-8
#device_name=Wireless Client

# Manufacturer
# The manufacturer of the device (up to 64 ASCII characters)
#manufacturer=Company

# Model Name
# Model of the device (up to 32 ASCII characters)
#model_name=cmodel

# Model Number
# Additional device description (up to 32 ASCII characters)
#model_number=123

# Serial Number
# Serial number of the device (up to 32 characters)
#serial_number=12345

# Primary Device Type
# Used format: <categ>-<OUI>-<subcateg>
# categ = Category as an integer value
# OUI = OUI and type octet as a 4-octet hex-encoded value; 0050F204 for
#       default WPS OUI
# subcateg = OUI-specific Sub Category as an integer value
# Examples:
#   1-0050F204-1 (Computer / PC)
#   1-0050F204-2 (Computer / Server)
#   5-0050F204-1 (Storage / NAS)
#   6-0050F204-1 (Network Infrastructure / AP)
#device_type=1-0050F204-1

# OS Version
# 4-octet operating system version number (hex string)
#os_version=01020300

# Config Methods
# List of the supported configuration methods
# Available methods: usba ethernet label display ext_nfc_token int_nfc_token
#    nfc_interface push_button keypad virtual_display physical_display
#    virtual_push_button physical_push_button
# For WSC 1.0:
#config_methods=label display push_button keypad
# For WSC 2.0:
#config_methods=label virtual_display virtual_push_button keypad

# Credential processing
#   0 = process received credentials internally (default)
#   1 = do not process received credentials; just pass them over ctrl_iface to
#    external program(s)
#   2 = process received credentials internally and pass them over ctrl_iface
#    to external program(s)
#wps_cred_processing=0

# Vendor attribute in WPS M1, e.g., Windows 7 Vertical Pairing
# The vendor attribute contents to be added in M1 (hex string)
#wps_vendor_ext_m1=000137100100020001

# NFC password token for WPS
# These parameters can be used to configure a fixed NFC password token for the
# station. This can be generated, e.g., with nfc_pw_token. When these
# parameters are used, the station is assumed to be deployed with a NFC tag
# that includes the matching NFC password token (e.g., written based on the
# NDEF record from nfc_pw_token).
#
#wps_nfc_dev_pw_id: Device Password ID (16..65535)
#wps_nfc_dh_pubkey: Hexdump of DH Public Key
#wps_nfc_dh_privkey: Hexdump of DH Private Key
#wps_nfc_dev_pw: Hexdump of Device Password

# Priority for the networks added through WPS
# This priority value will be set to each network profile that is added
# by executing the WPS protocol.
#wps_priority=0

# Maximum number of BSS entries to keep in memory
# Default: 200
# This can be used to limit memory