SQL Server 2005相对于SQL Server 2000改进很大,有些还是非常实用的。
举几个例子来简单说明 这些例子我引用了Northwind库。
1. TOP 表达式
SQL Server 2000的TOP是个固定值,是不是觉得不爽,现在改进了,可以使用表达式。
--前n名的订单
declare @n int
set @n = 10
select TOP(@n) * from Orders
--sql2005之间噢能够可以使用下面的写法,但估计没人这样使用
--select top(15/3) from orders
2. 分页
不知各位过去用SQL Server 2000是怎么分页的,大多都用到了临时表。SQL Server 2005一句话就支持分页,性能据说也非常不错。
select * from (
select OrderId, Freight, ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( order by Freight) as row from Orders
) a
where row between 20 and 30
3. 排名
select OrderId, Freight, RANK() OVER ( order by Freight) as rank from Orders
) a
where rank between 20 and 30
- Rank() over()----------结果:1,1,3格式
- Dense_Rank() over()----结果:1,1,2,2格式
- Row_Number() over()----结果:1,2,3,4
- Ntile(3) over()--------结果:按3等进行划分
4. try ... catch
BEGIN TRY
begin tran
insert into Orders(CustomerId) values ( - 1 )
commit tran
print ' commited '
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
rollback
print ' rolled back '
END CATCH
5. 通用表达式CTE
通过表达式可免除你过去创建临时表的麻烦。
WITH OrderFreight AS (
select OrderId, Freight, ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( order by Freight) as row from Orders
)
select OrderId, Freight from OrderFreight where row between 10 and 20
特别,通过表达式还支持递归。
6.OUTPUT关键字
--定义一个表级变量,所有字段(包括自增长字段)都要定义
declare @InsertDetails Table
(
CustomerID int,
CustomerName nvarchar(50)
)
insert into customer output inserted.CustomerID ,inserted.CustomerName into
@Insertdetails
values('This is a test of putput keyword.')
select * from @insertdetails
--封装成存储过程
alert proc tt
(
@customerID nvarchar(50)
)
as
begin
declare @InsertDetails Table
(
CustomerID int,
CustomerName nvarchar(50)
)
insert into customer output inserted.CustomerID ,inserted.CustomerName into
@Insertdetails
values(@customerID)
select * from @insertdetails
end
--调用存储过程:
tt 'Hello everyone'
7. 直接发布Web Service
想要把store procedure变成Web Service就用这个吧,.NET, IIS都不需要,通过Windows 2003的HTTP Protocol Stack直接发布WebService,用这个功能需要Windows 2003 sp1
CREATE ENDPOINT Orders_Endpoint
state = started
as http(
path = ' /sql/orders ' ,
AUTHENTICATION = (INTEGRATED),
ports = (clear)
)
for soap(
WebMethod ' CustOrdersOrders ' (
name = ' Northwind.dbo.CustOrdersOrders '
),
wsdl = default ,
database = ' Northwind ' ,
namespace = ' http://mysite.org/ '
)
Web Service就发布好了,敲入http://localhost/sql/orders?wsdl得到wsdl