虚拟机Linux扩展LV和文件系统

1、背景介绍：

OS系统：RHEL Linux 5.4

虚拟机：VMware 10.0

2、虚拟机中操作

首先是先扩展虚拟机的虚拟机硬盘。操作步骤：

1）将虚拟机系统Linux关闭，注意必须是关机状态。

2）依次单击【虚拟机】--【设置】

3）在弹出的窗口中，选择需要扩展的磁盘，这里以扩展“硬盘 2”为例，初始大小是10G（图片是扩展后截图的），需要将其扩大到30G。

4）输入需要将虚拟磁盘扩到后的大小。这里将原来的10G，扩大到30G。然后单击【扩展】，然后在返回的界面之后，单击确定。

3、Linux系统中的操作

查看虚拟硬盘扩容结果

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l


Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes


   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          13      104391   83  Linux
/dev/sda2              14        2624    20972857+  83  Linux
/dev/sda3            2625        2885     2096482+  82  Linux swap / Solaris


Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes


   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1        1305    10482381   8e  Linux LVM

卸载文件系统

[root@localhost ~]# df -h

Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2              20G  7.5G   11G  41% /
/dev/sda1              99M   12M   83M  13% /boot
tmpfs                 760M     0  760M   0% /dev/shm
/dev/mapper/vg_ora11g-lv_ora11g
                      9.7G  5.2G  4.0G  57% /ora11g

[root@localhost ~]#  umount  /ora11g

格式化分区

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb


The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 3916.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
   (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)


Command (m for help): p


Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes


   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1        1305    10482381   8e  Linux LVM


Command (m for help): n  
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (1306-3916, default 1306):  --回车
Using default value 1306
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1306-3916, default 3916):  --回车
Using default value 3916


Command (m for help): p


Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes


   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1        1305    10482381   8e  Linux LVM
/dev/sdb2            1306        3916    20972857+  83  Linux


Command (m for help): w  --保存退出
The partition table has been altered!


Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.


WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table.
The new table will be used at the next reboot.
Syncing disks.

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk  -l /dev/sdb


Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes


   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1        1305    10482381   8e  Linux LVM
/dev/sdb2            1306        3916    20972857+  83  Linux

重启Linux系统

[root@localhost ~]# reboot

创建pv

[root@localhost ~]# pvs
  PV         VG        Fmt  Attr PSize  PFree  
  /dev/sdb1  vg_ora11g lvm2 a-   10.00G 200.00M

[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb2
  Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created
[root@localhost ~]# pvs
  PV         VG        Fmt  Attr PSize  PFree  
  /dev/sdb1  vg_ora11g lvm2 a-   10.00G 200.00M
  /dev/sdb2            lvm2 --   20.00G  20.00G

将新的PV添加到VG中

[root@localhost ~]# vgs
  VG        #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize  VFree  
  vg_ora11g   1   1   0 wz--n- 10.00G 200.00M

[root@localhost ~]# vgextend vg_ora11g /dev/sdb2
  Volume group "vg_ora11g" successfully extended
[root@localhost ~]# vgs
  VG        #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize  VFree 
  vg_ora11g   2   1   0 wz--n- 30.00G 20.20G

将新分区的所有空间添加到LV

[root@localhost ~]# lvs
  LV        VG        Attr   LSize Origin Snap%  Move Log Copy%  Convert
  lv_ora11g vg_ora11g -wi-ao 9.80G                                      
[root@localhost ~]# lvextend /dev/mapper/vg_ora11g-lv_ora11g /dev/sdb2
  Extending logical volume lv_ora11g to 29.80 GB
  Logical volume lv_ora11g successfully resized

[root@localhost ~]# lvs
  LV        VG        Attr   LSize  Origin Snap%  Move Log Copy%  Convert
  lv_ora11g vg_ora11g -wi-ao 29.80G   

重置lv大小

resize2fs前需要先对lv执行e2fsck。

[root@localhost ~]# resize2fs /dev/mapper/vg_ora11g-lv_ora11g 
resize2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)

Please run 'e2fsck -f /dev/mapper/vg_ora11g-lv_ora11g' first.


[root@localhost ~]# e2fsck -f /dev/mapper/vg_ora11g-lv_ora11g
e2fsck 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/mapper/vg_ora11g-lv_ora11g: 39792/1286752 files (0.9% non-contiguous), 1394391/2569216 blocks
[root@localhost ~]# resize2fs /dev/mapper/vg_ora11g-lv_ora11g 
resize2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg_ora11g-lv_ora11g to 7812096 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg_ora11g-lv_ora11g is now 7812096 blocks long.

挂载文件系统

[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/mapper/vg_ora11g-lv_ora11g /ora11g
[root@localhost ~]# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2              20G  7.5G   11G  41% /
/dev/sda1              99M   12M   83M  13% /boot
tmpfs                 760M     0  760M   0% /dev/shm
/dev/mapper/vg_ora11g-lv_ora11g
                       30G  5.2G   23G  19% /ora11g