Struts2入门

最新推荐文章于 2021-03-20 02:31:44 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-03-20 02:31:44 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/lei_lin/article/details/97392264

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什么是Struts2?

Struts2是一个基于MVC设计模式的Web应用框架，它本质上相当于一个servlet，在MVC设计模式中，Struts2作为控制器(Controller)来建立模型与视图的数据交互。Struts 2是Struts的下一代产品，是在 struts 1和WebWork的技术基础上进行了合并的全新的Struts 2框架。

sturts的配置文件
struts 的配置是把上篇maven 环境的全部配置好的前提下把 maven 项目中的 pom.xml 加入我们 struts 的依赖，加载jar包

<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
			<artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
			<version>2.5.13</version>
</dependency>

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<groupId>com.lyl</groupId>
	<artifactId>struts</artifactId>
	<packaging>war</packaging>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>struts Maven Webapp</name>
	<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>junit</groupId>
			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
			<version>4.12</version>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
			<version>5.1.44</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
			<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
			<version>4.0.1</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
		
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
			<artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
			<version>2.5.13</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	<build>
		<finalName>struts</finalName>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>3.7.0</version>
				<configuration>
					<source>1.8</source>
					<target>1.8</target>
					<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>
</project>

注意：配置完了之后启动tomcat可能tomcat无法运行，如果没有代码错误的话，需要把你下载的jar包以及项目删除，重新创建项目下载jar包，tomcat无法运行是因为网络不好，下载jar包是jar包丢失了

在web.xml中配置过滤器

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">

  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <filter>
  	<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
  	<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  
  <filter-mapping>
  	<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
  	<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  
</web-app>

再导入我们struts的配置文件，struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<include file="struts-default.xml"></include>
	<include file="struts-base.xml"></include>
	<include file="struts-sy.xml"></include>
</struts>

struts-base.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="UTF-8" />
	<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
	<constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="true" />
	<constant name="struts.i18n.reload" value="true" />
	<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" />

	<package name="base" extends="struts-default" abstract="true">
		<global-allowed-methods>regex:.*</global-allowed-methods>
	</package>
</struts>

struts-sy.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
	</package>
</struts>

1、动态方法调用（mvc不具备的优势）

HelloAction

package com.lyl.web;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;


import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletResponseAware;

import com.lyl.entity.User;

public class HelloAction{
	public String add() {
		System.out.println("add方法");
		return "success";
	}
	
	public String del() {
		System.out.println("del方法");
		return "success";
	}
	
	public String edit() {
		System.out.println("edit方法");
		return "success";
	}
	
	public String list() {
		System.out.println("list方法");
		return "success";
	}	
}

struts-sy.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
		<action name="/hello_*" class="com.lyl.web.HelloAction" method="{1}">
			<result name="success">/success.jsp</result>
		</action>
	</package>
</struts>

结果：
在这里插入图片描述

2、struts中的传参

2.1、set传参
2.2、参数名.属性名传参
2.3、实现modeldrivern接口传参

实体类User

package com.lyl.entity;

public class User {
	private String uid;
	private String uname;
	
	public User() {
	}
	public String getUid() {
		return uid;
	}
	public void setUid(String uid) {
		this.uid = uid;
	}
	public String getUname() {
		return uname;
	}
	public void setUname(String uname) {
		this.uname = uname;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "User [uid=" + uid + ", uname=" + uname + "]";
	}
	
}

HelloAction（实现接口 ModelDriven）

package com.lyl.web;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;


import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletResponseAware;

import com.lyl.entity.User;

/**
 * 1、动态方法调用（mvc不具备的优势）
 * 2、struts中的传参
 * 	2.1、set传参
 * 	2.2、参数名.属性名传参
 * 	2.3、实现modeldrivern接口传参
 * @author 2019072302
 *
 */
public class HelloAction implements ModelDriven<User>{
	private HttpServletRequest request;
	private HttpServletResponse response;
	private User user1 = new User();
	private User user2 ;
	private String sex;
	private String uname;
	
	public String getUname() {
		return uname;
	}

	public void setUname(String uname) {
		this.uname = uname;
	}

	public User getUser2() {
		return user2;
	}

	public void setUser2(User user2) {
		this.user2 = user2;
	}

	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}

	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}

	public String add() {
		System.out.println("add方法");
		return "success";
	}
	
	public String del() {
		System.out.println("del方法");
		return "success";
	}
	
	public String edit() {
		System.out.println("edit方法");
		return "success";
	}
	
	public String list() {
		System.out.println("list方法");
		System.out.println("user1:"+user1);
		System.out.println("user2:"+user2);
		System.out.println("sex:"+sex);
		return "success";
	}

	@Override
	public User getModel() {
		return user1;
	}
}

demo.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>sturts传参的三种方式</h2>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/hello_list.action?uid=001&&uname=zs">测试modeldriven接口传参</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/hello_list.action?sex=nan">测试set传参</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/hello_list.action?user2.uid=002&&user2.uname=ls">测试参数名.属性名传参</a>

</body>
</html>

结果：
在这里插入图片描述

3、struts与tomcat的交互

1、request传值
2、值栈传值（get方法传值）
HelloAction

package com.lyl.web;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;


import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletResponseAware;

import com.lyl.entity.User;

/**
 * 1、动态方法调用（mvc不具备的优势）
 * 2、struts中的传参
 * 	2.1、set传参
 * 	2.2、参数名.属性名传参
 * 	2.3、实现modeldrivern接口传参
 * 3、struts与tomcat的交互
 * 	如何将后台的值传到前台去
 * 	1、request传值
 * 	2、值栈传值（get方法传值）
 * @author 2019072302
 *
 */
public class HelloAction implements ModelDriven<User>,ServletRequestAware,ServletResponseAware{
	private HttpServletRequest request;
	private HttpServletResponse response;
	private User user1 = new User();
	private User user2 ;
	private String sex;
	private String uname;
	
	public String getUname() {
		return uname;
	}

	public void setUname(String uname) {
		this.uname = uname;
	}

	public User getUser2() {
		return user2;
	}

	public void setUser2(User user2) {
		this.user2 = user2;
	}

	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}

	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}

	public String add() {
		System.out.println("add方法");
		return "success";
	}
	
	public String del() {
		System.out.println("del方法");
		return "success";
	}
	
	public String edit() {
		System.out.println("edit方法");
		return "success";
	}
	
	public String list() {
		System.out.println("list方法");
		System.out.println("user1:"+user1);
		System.out.println("user2:"+user2);
		System.out.println("sex:"+sex);
		System.out.println("uname:"+uname);
		HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
		//2.3.2 非注入的耦合形式
//		request.setAttribute("rs", user1);
		
		/*ActionContext context = ActionContext.getContext();
		context.get("");*/
		this.request.setAttribute("rs", user1);
		return "success";
	}

	@Override
	public User getModel() {
		return user1;
	}

	//注入的耦合形式
	@Override
	public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
		this.request = request;
	}

	@Override
	public void setServletResponse(HttpServletResponse response) {
		this.response = response;
	}

	/*//注入的解耦形式
	@Override
	public void setRequest(Map<String, Object> request) {
		
	}*/
}

success.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
成功页面:${rs }
</body>
</html>

结果：
在这里插入图片描述
感谢观看！

傻_

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Struts2入门

什么是Struts2?Struts2是一个基于MVC设计模式的Web应用框架，它本质上相当于一个servlet，在MVC设计模式中，Struts2作为控制器(Controller)来建立模型与视图的数据交互。Struts 2是Struts的下一代产品，是在 struts 1和WebWork的技术基础上进行了合并的全新的Struts 2框架。sturts的配置文件struts 的配置是把上篇m...
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