操作系统常用命令-转载

1。密码文件放在哪？
AIX中： /etc/passwd /etc/security/passwd
HP: /etc/passwd /tbc/files/auth/root
LINUX(RedHat) /etc/passwd /etc/shadow
SOLARIS /etc/passwd /etc/shadow
TRU64 /etc/passwd
2.group file放在哪？
AIX中： /etc/group /etc/security/group
HP: /etc/group /tbc/login/group
LINUX(RedHat) /etc/group
SOLARIS /etc/group
TRU64 /etc/group
3.是否同意remote login?
AIX: /etc/security/user (rlogin=true)
HP: /etc/securetty (console)
LINUX(RedHat) /etc/securetty (ttyp1)
SOLARIS /etc/default/login (CONSOLE=/dev/console)
TRU64 /etc/securettys (ttyp1)
4.如何建立一个新的user
AIX: mkuser
HP: useradd
LINUX(RedHat): useradd
SOLARIS: useradd
TRU64: useradd
5.如何delete一个user?
AIX: rmuser
HP: userdel
LINUX(RedHat): userdel
SOLARIS: userdel
TRU64: userdel
6.列出所有的用户 list user
AIX: lsuser -f ALL
HP: logins
LINUX(RedHat):
SOLARIS: logins
TRU64:
7.修改用户modify user account
AIX: chuser -a
HP: usermod
LINUX(RedHat): usermod
SOLARIS: usermod
TRU64: usermod
8.unique host id
AIX: hostid
HP: uname -i
LINUX(RedHat): hostid
SOLARIS: hostid
TRU64: hostid
9.管理工具
AIX: smit
HP: sam
LINUX(RedHat): linuxconf
SOLARIS: admintool
TRU64:
10.性能监测 工具：
AIX: top monitor
HP: top glance
LINUX(RedHat): top
SOLARIS: top
TRU64: top
11.系统监测命令：
AIX: sar
HP: sar
LINUX(RedHat): sar
SOLARIS: sar
TRU64: /usr/opt/svr4/bin/sar
在AIX中
sar -a 1 10 反映了文件访问系统调用的使用情况，报告中包含了几类文件访问调用的每秒的执行次数。

12.对内存的监测：
AIX: vmstat
HP: vmstat
LINUX(RedHat): vmstat
SOLARIS: vmstat
TRU64: vmstat
13.对IO的统记：
AIX: iostat
HP: iostat
LINUX(RedHat): iostat
SOLARIS: iostat
TRU64: iostat
14.对错误日志的检查：
AIX: alog -o -t boot 或errpt
HP: dmesg
LINUX(RedHat): dmesg
SOLARIS: dmesg
TRU64: uerf -R -o full
15.最大物理内存
AIX: 1tb
HP: 4tb
LINUX(RedHat): 64gb
SOLARIS: 16tb
TRU64: 4tb
16.显示swap的大小
AIX: lsps -a
HP: swapinfo -a
LINUX(RedHat): free
SOLARIS: swap -l
TRU64: swapon -s
17.Activate Swap
AIX: swapon -a
HP: swapon -a
LINUX(RedHat): swapon -a
SOLARIS: swap -a
TRU64: swapon -a
18.network ip configuration
AIX: lsattr -E -l inet0
HP: /etc/rc.config.d/netconf
LINUX(RedHat): /etc/sysconfig/networkscripts
SOLARIS: /etc/hostname.* 和/etc/inet/* 和/etc/defaultrouter
TRU64: /etc/rc.config
19.host ip address在哪
AIX: /etc/hosts
HP: /etc/hosts
LINUX(RedHat): /etc/hosts
SOLARIS: /etc/inet/hosts
TRU64: /etc/hosts
20.name service switch
AIX: /etc/netsrv.conf
HP: /etc/nsswitch.conf
LINUX(RedHat): /etc/nsswitch.conf
SOLARIS: /etc/nsswitch.conf
TRU64: /etc/svc.conf
21.文件系统表在哪？
AIX: /etc/filesystems
HP: /etc/fstab
LINUX(RedHat): /etc/fstab
SOLARIS: /etc/vfstab
TRU64: /etc/fstab
22.free disk blocks
AIX: df -k
HP: bdf
LINUX(RedHat): df -k
SOLARIS: df -k
TRU64: df -k
23.device list
AIX: lsdev -C
HP: /sbin/ioscan
LINUX(RedHat): cat /proc/devices
SOLARIS: sysdef
TRU64: file /dev/rrz*a
/dev/rrz6a: character special (8/6144) SCSI #0 CD-ROM X
disk #48 (SCSI ID #6) (SCSI LUN #0)
mount -r /dev/rz6c /cdrom
24.disk information
AIX: bootinfo -s hdisk#
HP: diskinfo /dev/rdsk/c#t#d#
LINUX(RedHat): cat /proc/scsi/scsi0/sda/mode1
SOLARIS: format -d c#t#d# 或 format >current 或format >inquiry
TRU64: file /dev/rrz0c
25.disk label
AIX: lspv -l hdisk#
HP: pvdisplay -v /dev/dsk/c#t#d#
LINUX(RedHat): fdisk -l
SOLARIS: prtvtoc
TRU64: disklabel -p rz0
26.journal filesystem type
AIX: jfs
HP: vxfs
LINUX(RedHat): ext3 或 reiserfs
SOLARIS: vxfs
TRU64: advfs

27.display volume group
AIX: lsvg -l rootvg
HP: vgdisplay -v vg00
LINUX(RedHat): vgdisplay -v
SOLARIS: vxprint -l -g rootdg
TRU64: volprint -l -g rootdg
28.modify physical volume
AIX: chpv
HP: pvchange
LINUX(RedHat): pvchange
SOLARIS:
TRU64:
29.prepare physcial disk
AIX: mkdev -c disk -l hdisk#
HP: pvcreate
LINUX(RedHat): pvcreate
SOLARIS: vxdiskadd
TRU64: voldiskadd
30.list physical volume
AIX: lspv
HP: pvdisplay
LINUX(RedHat): pvdisplay
SOLARIS: vxprint -dl
TRU64: volprint -dl
31.remove disk from volume group
AIX: reducevg
HP: vgreduce
LINUX(RedHat): vgreduce
SOLARIS: vxdg rmdisk
TRU64: voldg rmdisk
32.move logical volume to another physcial volume
AIX: migratepv
HP: pvmove
LINUX(RedHat): pvmove
SOLARIS: vxassist move
TRU64: volassist move
33.create volume group
AIX: mkvg
HP: vgcreate
LINUX(RedHat): vgcreate
SOLARIS: vxdg init
TRU64: voldg init
34.remove volume group
AIX:
HP: vgremove
LINUX(RedHat): vgremove
SOLARIS:
TRU64:
35.volume group availability
AIX: chvg 和 varyonvg 和 varyoffvg
HP: vgchange
LINUX(RedHat): vgchange
SOLARIS:
TRU64:
36.import volume group
AIX: importvg
HP: vgimport
LINUX(RedHat): vgimport
SOLARIS: vxdg import
TRU64: voldg import
37.export volume group
AIX: exportvg
HP: vgexport
LINUX(RedHat): vgexport
SOLARIS: vxdg deport
TRU64: voldg deport
38.volume group list
AIX: lsvg
HP: vgscan
LINUX(RedHat): vgscan
SOLARIS:
TRU64:
39.change logical volume characteristics
AIX: chlv
HP: lvchange
LINUX(RedHat): lvchange
SOLARIS: vxedit set
TRU64: voledit set
40.list logical volume
AIX: lslv
HP: lvdisplay
LINUX(RedHat): lvdisplay
SOLARIS: vxprint -vl
TRU64: volprint -vl
41.make logical volume
AIX: mklv
HP: lvcreate
LINUX(RedHat): lvcreate
SOLARIS: vxassist make
TRU64: volassist make
42.extend logical volume
AIX: extendlv
HP: lvextend
LINUX(RedHat): lvextend
SOLARIS: vxassist growto
TRU64: volassist growto
43。reduce logical volume
AIX:
HP: lvreduce
LINUX(RedHat): lvreduce
SOLARIS: vxassist shrinkto
TRU64: volassist shrinkto
44.remove logical volume
AIX: rmlv
HP: lvremove
LINUX(RedHat): lvremove
SOLARIS: vxedit rm
TRU64: voledit -g rootdg -rf rm vol1
45.startup script 在哪？
AIX: /etc/rc
HP: /sbin/rc
LINUX(RedHat): /etc/rc.d/rc
SOLARIS: /sbin/init.d
TRU64: /sbin/init.d
46.kernel parameter
AIX: lsattr -E -l sys0
HP: sysdef 和 kmtune 和 kmsystem
LINUX(RedHat): sysctl -a
SOLARIS: sysdef -i
TRU64: sysconfig 和 dxkerneltuner
47.physical memory
AIX: bootinfo -r
HP: grep -i Physical /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log
LINUX(RedHat): free
SOLARIS: prtconf
TRU64: uerf |grep memory
48.kernel bits
AIX: bootinfo -k bootinfo -y
HP: getconf KERNEL_BITS
LINUX(RedHat): getconf WORD_BIT
SOLARIS: isainfo -kv
TRU64:
49.install software
AIX: installp -a
HP: swinstall
LINUX(RedHat): rpm -i package
SOLARIS: pkgadd
TRU64: setld -l
50.uninstall software
AIX: installp -u
HP: swremove
LINUX(RedHat): rpm -e package
SOLARIS: pkgrm
TRU64: setld -d
51.list installed software
AIX: lslpp -L all
HP: swlist
LINUX(RedHat): rpm -qa
SOLARIS: pkginfo
TRU64: setld -i
52.list installed package
AIX: instfix -i
HP: swlist -l patch
LINUX(RedHat):
SOLARIS:
TRU64:
53.CPU
AIX: lsdev -Cc processor
HP: ioscan -fnC processor
LINUX(RedHat): cat /proc/cpuinfo
SOLARIS: psrinfo -v
TRU64: psrinfo -v
54.list terminal
AIX: lsdev -Cc tty
HP: ioscan -fnC tty
LINUX(RedHat):
SOLARIS: pmadm -l
TRU64:
55.诊断
AIX: diag
HP: stm
LINUX(RedHat): lspci 和 pnpdump
SOLARIS:
TRU64:
56.CDROM
AIX: /dev/cd0
HP: /dev/dsk/c#t#d0
LINUX(RedHat): /dev/sda
SOLARIS: /dev/
TRU64: