shell编程例子(1)

1.hello word

#!/bin/bash
echo "hello word"

2. 变量

#!/bin/bash
#变量
my_name="Mr.zhang"
echo $my_name
echo ${my_name}

#只读变量
sex="man"
age="20"
readonly sex
sex="woman"
age="21"

echo $sex
echo $age

执行结果:

3. 删除变量

#!/bin/bash
#删除变量

name="Mr.zhang"
score="30"

unset score

echo $name
echo $score

执行结果:

4. 环境变量

#!/bin/bash
echo $PATH
echo $HOME
echo $LOGNAME

执行结果

5. 字符串

#!/bin/bash
#字符串:字符串可以用单引号,也可以用双引号,也可以不用引号。
string1=Without_the_quotes
string2='single quotes'
string3="double qutation marks"

echo ${string1} 
echo $string2 
echo $string3 

#不加引号字符之间不能带空格
string4=Without the quotes
echo $string4 

执行结果

6. 字符串

#!/bin/bash
#字符串:单引号、双引号
#单引号里的任何字符都会原样输出,单引号字符串中的变量是无效的。
#双引号里可以有变量,双引号里可以出现转义字符
name=Mr.zhang
str1='I know you are  \"$name\"  '
str2="I know you are  \"$name\"  "
echo $str1
echo $str2

执行结果:

7. 字符串

#!/bin/bash
#字符串拼接:单引号、双引号;引号拼接成对出现;
name=Mr.zhang
age=18
str1="name=$name""  age=$age"
str2='name=$name''  age=&age' 
str3='name='$name'  age='$age
echo $str1
echo $str2
echo $str3

#成对引号之间不能有空格,相当于无引号赋值
str5=Mr.zhang 18
str6='Mr.zhang' '18'
echo str5
echo str6

执行结果:

Shell脚本高级编程教程,希望对你有所帮助。 Example 10-23. Using continue N in an actual task: 1 # Albert Reiner gives an example of how to use "continue N": 2 # --------------------------------------------------------- 3 4 # Suppose I have a large number of jobs that need to be run, with 5 #+ any data that is to be treated in files of a given name pattern in a 6 #+ directory. There are several machines that access this directory, and 7 #+ I want to distribute the work over these different boxen. Then I 8 #+ usually nohup something like the following on every box: 9 10 while true 11 do 12 for n in .iso.* 13 do 14 [ "$n" = ".iso.opts" ] && continue 15 beta=${n#.iso.} 16 [ -r .Iso.$beta ] && continue 17 [ -r .lock.$beta ] && sleep 10 && continue 18 lockfile -r0 .lock.$beta || continue 19 echo -n "$beta: " `date` 20 run-isotherm $beta 21 date 22 ls -alF .Iso.$beta 23 [ -r .Iso.$beta ] && rm -f .lock.$beta 24 continue 2 25 done 26 break 27 done 28 29 # The details, in particular the sleep N, are particular to my 30 #+ application, but the general pattern is: 31 32 while true 33 do 34 for job in {pattern} 35 do 36 {job already done or running} && continue 37 {mark job as running, do job, mark job as done} 38 continue 2 39 done 40 break # Or something like `sleep 600' to avoid termination. 41 done 42 43 # This way the script will stop only when there are no more jobs to do 44 #+ (including jobs that were added during runtime). Through the use 45 #+ of appropriate lockfiles it can be run on several machines 46 #+ concurrently without duplication of calculations [which run a couple 47 #+ of hours in my case, so I really want to avoid this]. Also, as search 48 #+ always starts again from the beginning, one can encode priorities in 49 #+ the file names. Of course, one could also do this without `continue 2', 50 #+ but then one would have to actually check whether or not some job 51 #+ was done (so that we should immediately look for the next job) or not 52 #+ (in which case we terminate or sleep for a long time before checking 53 #+ for a new job).
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