SQL && mongo Shell && C++ Driver

本文总结了几种常用的SQL语句对应的mongo Shell及c++语法。

MongoDB queries are expressed as JSON (BSON) objects. This quick reference chart shows examples as SQL, mongo shell syntax, and MongoDB C++ driver syntax.

A query expression in MongoDB (and other things, such as an index key pattern) is represented as BSON. In C++ you can use BSONObjBuilder (aka bson::bob) to build BSON objects, or the BSON() macro. The examples below assume a connection c already established:

using namespace bson;
DBClientConnection c;
c.connect("somehost");

Several of the C++ driver methods throw mongo::DBException, so you will want a try/catch statement as some level in your program. Also be sure to call c.getLastError() after writes to check the error code.

SQL	mongo Shell	C++ Driver
INSERT INTO USERS VALUES( 1, 1)	db.users.insert( { a: 1, b: 1 } )	// GENOID is optional. if not done by client, // server will add an _id c.insert("mydb.users",   BSON(GENOID<<"a"<<1<<"b"<<1)); // then: string err = c.getLastError();
SELECT a,b FROM users	db.users.find( {},                {a: 1, b: 1 }              )	auto_ptr<DBClientCursor> cursor =   c.query("mydb.users", Query(),   0, 0, BSON("a"<<1<<"b"<<1));
SELECT * FROM users	db.users.find()	auto_ptr<DBClientCursor> cursor =   c.query("mydb.users", Query());
SELECT * FROM users WHERE age=33	db.users.find( { age: 33 } )	auto_ptr<DBClientCursor> cursor =   c.query("mydb.users", QUERY("age"<<33)) // or: auto_ptr<DBClientCursor> cursor =   c.query("mydb.users", BSON("age"<<33))
SELECT * FROM users WHERE age=33 ORDER BY name	db.users.find( { age: 33 } ).sort( { name: 1 } )	auto_ptr<DBClientCursor> cursor =   c.query("mydb.users",     QUERY("age"<<33).sort("name"));
SELECT * FROM users WHERE age>33 AND age<=40	db.users.find( { 'age': { $gt:33, $lte:40 } } )	auto_ptr<DBClientCursor> cursor =   c.query("mydb.users",   QUERY("age"<<GT<<33<<LTE<<40));
CREATE INDEX myindexname ON users(name)	db.users.ensureIndex( {name: 1 } )	c.ensureIndex("mydb.users", BSON("name"<<1));
SELECT * FROM users LIMIT 10 SKIP 20	db.users.find().limit(10).skip(20)	auto_ptr<DBClientCursor> cursor =   c.query("mydb.users", Query(),           10, 20);
SELECT * FROM users LIMIT 1	db.users.findOne()	bo obj = c.findOne("mydb.users", Query());
SELECT DISTINCT last_name FROM users WHERE x=1	db.users.distinct( 'last_name', {x: 1} )	// no helper for distinct yet in c++ driver, // so send command manually bo cmdResult; bool ok = c.runCommand(   "mydb",   BSON("distinct" << "users"                   << "key" << "last_name"                   << "query" << BSON("x"<<1)),   cmdResult); list<bo> results; cmdResult["values"].Obj().Vals(results);
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM users where AGE > 30	db.users.find( { age: { $gt: 30 } } ).count()	unsigned long long n =    c.count("mydb.users", BSON("age"<<GT<<30));
UPDATE users SET a=a+2 WHERE b='q'	db.users.update( { b: 'q' },                  { $inc: { a:2 } },                  false, true)	c.update("mydb.users", QUERY("b"<<"q"),          BSON("$inc"<<BSON("a"<<2)), false, true); // then optionally: string err = c.getLastError(); bool ok = err.empty();
DELETE FROM users WHERE z="abc"	db.users.remove( { z: 'abc' } )	c.remove("mydb.users", QUERY("z"<<"abc")); // then optionally: string err = c.getLastError();