第一步:Struts2环境的搭建
1.从http://struts.apache.org/2.1.8.1/index.html下载struts2.1.8。如果可能的话尽量下载110mb的那个。虽然大了点但包含了源码、文档和示例。
2.打开Eclipse,建立WEB项目,名称为S2SH。将struts2.1.8解压后的lib目录下的commons-fileupload-1.2.1.jar、commons-io-1.3.2.jar、freemarker-2.3.15.jar、ognl-2.7.3.jar、struts2-core-2.1.8.1.jar、xwork-core-2.1.6.jar这6个jar包拷贝到建立的web项目lib目录下。
3.添加Struts2的过滤器。打开web.xml修改如下。
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
- xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
- id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
- <filter>
- <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
- <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
- </filter>
- <filter-mapping>
- <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
- <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
- <dispatcher>FORWARD</dispatcher>
- <dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>
- </filter-mapping>
- <welcome-file-list>
- <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
- </welcome-file-list>
- </web-app>
4.在类路径下建立struts.xml文件,方便起见可以直接拷贝struts2-blank-2.1.8.1下空的struts.xml。
5.添加类User和UserAction,如下。为了我们的action能有更多的功能,可以继承ActionSupport,覆盖其execute方法
User.class如下
- package test.s2sh;
- public class User {
- private String userName;
- private String sex;
- private Integer age;
- private String address;
- public String getUserName() {
- return userName;
- }
- public void setUserName(String userName) {
- this.userName = userName;
- }
- public String getSex() {
- return sex;
- }
- public void setSex(String sex) {
- this.sex = sex;
- }
- public Integer getAge() {
- return age;
- }
- public void setAge(Integer age) {
- this.age = age;
- }
- public String getAddress() {
- return address;
- }
- public void setAddress(String address) {
- this.address = address;
- }
- }
UserAction.class如下
- package test.s2sh;
- public class UserAction{
- private User user;
- public User getUser() {
- return user;
- }
- public void setUser(User user) {
- this.user = user;
- }
- public String execute() throws Exception {
- user = new User();
- user.setAddress("地球");
- user.setAge(25);
- user.setSex("男");
- user.setUserName("中国");
- return "success";
- }
- }
6.把写好的action配置到struts.xml中,配置文件如下
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
- <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
- "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
- "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
- <struts>
- <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
- <action name="user" class="test.s2sh.UserAction">
- <result>WEB-INF/jsp/user.jsp</result>
- </action>
- </package>
- </struts>
7.在WEB-INF目录下建立jsp目录,并添加user.jsp文件。jsp内容如下
- <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
- <%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
- <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
- <html>
- <head>
- <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
- <title>s2sh</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- 我的信息如下:<br />
- 姓名:<s:property value="user.userName"/><br />
- 性别:<s:property value="user.sex"/><br />
- 年龄:<s:property value="user.age"/><br />
- 地址:我来自<s:property value="user.address"/><br />
- </body>
- </html>
8.在index.jsp文件中添加<jsp:forward page="user"/>,内容如下
- <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
- <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
- <html>
- <head>
- <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
- <title>index</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- <jsp:forward page="user"/>
- </body>
- </html>
9.好了,把此工程部署到tomcat6上,打开浏览器访问http://localhost:8080/S2SH/
浏览器显示如下信息:
我的信息如下:
姓名:中国
性别:男
年龄: 25
地址:我来自地球
10.现在struts2运行环境搭建完成,特别注意的是<dispatcher>FORWARD</dispatcher>和<dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>不能省略,否则index.jsp将无法访问到UserAction。
第二步:struts2+spring3.0整合
1.下载spring3.0,网址为http://www.springsource.org/download,单击spring Framework 3.0.2.RELEASE下的Download进入下载页面(要填个表单才要下载)。找到下载页面后会有三个下载文件,名字为spring-framework-3.0.2.RELEASE.zip的是要下载的文件。
2.添加jar包,解压缩下载好的文件找到下面jar包,添加到lib目录下
org.springframework.asm-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar
org.springframework.beans-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar
org.springframework.context-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar
org.springframework.core-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar
org.springframework.expression-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar
org.springframework.web-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar
在下载的struts2.1.8下找到下面jar文件,添加进lib目录下
struts2-spring-plugin-2.1.8.1.jar
commons-logging-api-1.1.jar
3.修改web.xml文件添加spring的监听器,配置如下
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
- id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
- <filter>
- <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
- <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
- </filter>
- <filter-mapping>
- <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
- <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
- <dispatcher>FORWARD</dispatcher>
- <dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>
- </filter-mapping>
- <listener>
- <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
- </listener>
- <welcome-file-list>
- <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
- </welcome-file-list>
- </web-app>
4.在WEB-INF目录下添加applicationContext.xml,把UserAction交给Spring管理。内容如下
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
- xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xsi:schemaLocation="
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
- <bean name="userActionBean" class="test.s2sh.UserAction"/>
- </beans>
5.修改struts.xml文件,内容如下
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
- <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
- "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
- "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
- <struts>
- <constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring"/>
- <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
- <action name="user" class="userActionBean">
- <result>WEB-INF/jsp/user.jsp</result>
- </action>
- </package>
- </struts>
6.至此所有配置都已完成,再次运行项目。如果成功则页面显示和上一步相同,内容如下
我的信息如下:
姓名:中国
性别:男
年龄: 25
地址:我来自地球
7.现在只是简单地实现了将action交由Spring管理。Spring的作用当然不止是这样。
第三步:将Spring3.0和hibernate的整合
1.从官网下载hibernate,网址为http://sourceforge.net/projects/hibernate/files/hibernate3/3.5.1-Final/。
2.添加jar文件,解压缩hibernate3.5文件找到下面jar包,添加进lib目录
antlr-2.7.6.jar
commons-collections-3.1.jar
dom4j-1.6.1.jar
javassist-3.9.0.GA.jar
jta-1.1.jar
slf4j-api-1.5.8.jar
hibernate3.jar
一下两个jar包在Spring3.0的spring-framework-3.0.2.RELEASE-dependencies.zip里面包含,不想从官网下的可以从我提供的附件中获得
com.springsource.org.aopalliance-1.0.0.jar 这个可以在struts2.1.8的lib下找到。
com.springsource.org.aspectj.weaver-1.6.8.RELEASE.jar
在Spring3.0的dist目录下找到如下jar包,添加进lib目录
org.springframework.jdbc-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar
org.springframework.aop-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar
org.springframework.orm-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar
org.springframework.transaction-3.0.2.RELEASE.jar
从网上下载slf4j的实现包,还好以前有下载不然又要baidu了。。。
slf4j-jdk14-1.5.8.jar
添加数据库驱动文件
我用的是mysql5,并且在tomcat6的lib目录下以前已经添加了mysql-connector-java-5.1.10-bin.jar驱动,所以可以不用再添加驱动到项目的lib目录。
3.修改User类添加id属性以及set、get方法,并添加hibernate的Mapping文件User.hbm.xml,如下
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
- "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
- "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" >
- <hibernate-mapping package="test.s2sh">
- <class name="User" table="user">
- <id name="id" column="id">
- <generator class="native" />
- </id>
- <property name="userName" />
- <property name="sex" length="2"/>
- <property name="age" />
- <property name="address"/>
- </class>
- </hibernate-mapping>
增加UserDao以及实现类UserDaoImpl ,内容如下
- package test.s2sh;
- public interface UserDao {
- public void addUser(User user);
- }
- package test.s2sh;
- import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
- public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao{
- public void addUser(User user) {
- this.getHibernateTemplate().save(user);
- }
- }
4.修改action,因为内容太简单了,所以就直接调用DAO了。内容如下
- package test.s2sh;
- public class UserAction{
- private User user;
- private UserDao userDao;
- //增加一个set方法,让spring注入
- public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
- this.userDao = userDao;
- }
- public User getUser() {
- return user;
- }
- public void setUser(User user) {
- this.user = user;
- }
- public String execute() throws Exception {
- user = new User();
- user.setAddress("地球");
- user.setAge(25);
- user.setSex("男");
- user.setUserName("中国");
- userDao.addUser(user);
- return "success";
- }
- }
5修改applicationContext.xml,添加对hibernate的支持,如下。
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
- xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xsi:schemaLocation="
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
- <!-- 配置数据库连接 -->
- <bean name="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
- <!-- jdbc4.0 已经不需要指定驱动的类名了,当然这需要所添加的驱动符合jdbc4.0标准
- <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
- -->
- <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"/>
- <property name="username" value="root"/>
- <property name="password" value="123456"/>
- </bean>
- <!-- 集成hibernate的配置文件 -->
- <bean name="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
- <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
- <property name="mappingResources">
- <list>
- <value>test/s2sh/User.hbm.xml</value>
- </list>
- </property>
- <property name="hibernateProperties">
- <value>
- hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLInnoDBDialect
- hibernate.show_sql=true
- hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create-drop
- </value>
- </property>
- </bean>
- <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
- <bean name="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
- <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
- </bean>
- <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
- <tx:attributes>
- <tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
- </tx:attributes>
- </tx:advice>
- <aop:config>
- <!-- 因为逻辑太简单了,所以就把事务配置在了Dao层。实际使用中是不会在dao层配置事务的。 -->
- <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut="execution(* test.s2sh.UserDao.*(..))"/>
- </aop:config>
- <!-- 这里使用了set方法进行注入-->
- <bean name="userDao" class="test.s2sh.UserDaoImpl">
- <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
- </bean>
- <bean name="userActionBean" class="test.s2sh.UserAction">
- <property name="userDao" ref="userDao"/>
- </bean>
- </beans>
6.然后把工程布置到tomcat下,访问http://localhost:8080/S2SH/ ,显示输入如下
我的信息如下:
姓名:中国
性别:男
年龄:25
地址:我来自地球
已成功保存信息至数据库,返回id为:1