LiveData 解析

 @MainThread
    public void observe(@NonNull LifecycleOwner owner, @NonNull Observer<? super T> observer) {
        assertMainThread("observe");
        if (owner.getLifecycle().getCurrentState() == DESTROYED) {
            // ignore
            return;
        }
        //将传递进来的observer包装成LifecycleBoundObserver
        LifecycleBoundObserver wrapper = new LifecycleBoundObserver(owner, observer);
        
        ObserverWrapper existing = mObservers.putIfAbsent(observer, wrapper);
        if (existing != null && !existing.isAttachedTo(owner)) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot add the same observer"
                    + " with different lifecycles");
        }
        if (existing != null) {
            return;
        }
        //将wrapper注册到宿主生命周期
        owner.getLifecycle().addObserver(wrapper);
    }

每一次事件回调都会回调到LifecycleBoundObserver的onStateChanged（）方法
LifecycleBoundObserver是LiveData的一个内部类

class LifecycleBoundObserver extends ObserverWrapper implements LifecycleEventObserver {
        @NonNull
        final LifecycleOwner mOwner;

        LifecycleBoundObserver(@NonNull LifecycleOwner owner, Observer<? super T> observer) {
            super(observer);
            mOwner = owner;
        }

		//shouldBeActive()判断当前宿主是否处于活跃状态
        @Override
        boolean shouldBeActive() {
            return mOwner.getLifecycle().getCurrentState().isAtLeast(STARTED);
        }

        @Override
        public void onStateChanged(LifecycleOwner source, Lifecycle.Event event) {
            if (mOwner.getLifecycle().getCurrentState() == DESTROYED) {
                removeObserver(mObserver);
                return;
            }
            //shouldBeActive()判断当前宿主是否处于活跃状态
            activeStateChanged(shouldBeActive());
        }

        @Override
        boolean isAttachedTo(LifecycleOwner owner) {
            return mOwner == owner;
        }

        @Override
        void detachObserver() {
            mOwner.getLifecycle().removeObserver(this);
        }
    }

private abstract class ObserverWrapper {
        final Observer<? super T> mObserver;
        boolean mActive;
        int mLastVersion = START_VERSION;

        ObserverWrapper(Observer<? super T> observer) {
            mObserver = observer;
        }

        abstract boolean shouldBeActive();

        boolean isAttachedTo(LifecycleOwner owner) {
            return false;
        }

        void detachObserver() {
        }

        void activeStateChanged(boolean newActive) {
            if (newActive == mActive) {
                return;
            }
            // immediately set active state, so we'd never dispatch anything to inactive
            // owner
            mActive = newActive;
            //判断是否 LiveData.this.mActiveCount等于0  等于0表示没有任何一个观察者处于活跃状态
            //第一次注册时候活跃观察者肯定为0
            boolean wasInactive = LiveData.this.mActiveCount == 0;
            LiveData.this.mActiveCount += mActive ? 1 : -1;
            if (wasInactive && mActive) {
            	//当且仅当有一个观察者时候触发
                onActive();
            }
            if (LiveData.this.mActiveCount == 0 && !mActive) {
                onInactive();
            }
            if (mActive) {
            	//数据分发
                dispatchingValue(this);
            }
        }
    }

@SuppressWarnings("WeakerAccess") /* synthetic access */
    void dispatchingValue(@Nullable ObserverWrapper initiator) {
        if (mDispatchingValue) {
            mDispatchInvalidated = true;
            return;
        }
        mDispatchingValue = true;
        do {
            mDispatchInvalidated = false;
            if (initiator != null) {
            	//不为空  将数据分发给自己
                considerNotify(initiator);
                initiator = null;
            } else {
            	//数据为空（数据从setvalue传递）
                for (Iterator<Map.Entry<Observer<? super T>, ObserverWrapper>> iterator =
                        mObservers.iteratorWithAdditions(); iterator.hasNext(); ) {
                    considerNotify(iterator.next().getValue());
                    if (mDispatchInvalidated) {
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        } while (mDispatchInvalidated);
        mDispatchingValue = false;
    }

private void considerNotify(ObserverWrapper observer) {
        if (!observer.mActive) {
            return;
        }
        // Check latest state b4 dispatch. Maybe it changed state but we didn't get the event yet.
        //
        // we still first check observer.active to keep it as the entrance for events. So even if
        // the observer moved to an active state, if we've not received that event, we better not
        // notify for a more predictable notification order.
        if (!observer.shouldBeActive()) {    //注册observeForever会进入这里  
            observer.activeStateChanged(false);
            return;
        }
        if (observer.mLastVersion >= mVersion) {
            return;
        }
        observer.mLastVersion = mVersion;
        //noinspection unchecked
        observer.mObserver.onChanged((T) mData);
    }

observeForever 注册observeForever观察者，无论宿主是否处于活跃状态，都会接收消息

 @MainThread
    public void observeForever(@NonNull Observer<? super T> observer) {
        assertMainThread("observeForever");
        //经传递进来的observer封装成AlwaysActiveObserver
        AlwaysActiveObserver wrapper = new AlwaysActiveObserver(observer);
        ObserverWrapper existing = mObservers.putIfAbsent(observer, wrapper);
        if (existing instanceof LiveData.LifecycleBoundObserver) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot add the same observer"
                    + " with different lifecycles");
        }
        if (existing != null) {
            return;
        }
        wrapper.activeStateChanged(true);
    }

//AlwaysActiveObserver类shouldBeActive()方法返回值总为true

private class AlwaysActiveObserver extends ObserverWrapper {

        AlwaysActiveObserver(Observer<? super T> observer) {
            super(observer);
        }

        @Override
        boolean shouldBeActive() {
            return true;
        }
    }