看下文之前最好先阅读 <算法导论> 第15章, <背包问题九讲>第一讲 (推荐) 题目链接:http://acm.hdu.edu.cn/showproblem.php?pid=2955 根据题目的已知条件, 该问题可以使用基本01背包模型 银行数量:N 每家银行所拥有的金钱数量: mounts[i] 盗取各家银行的风险指数: risks[i] 个人所能承担的风险的极限: V 求在风险范围内, 盗取最多的资金 但该问题有两个问题待解决: 1.风险极限V是个浮点数; 一方面精度无法得知, 另一方面, 编程语言在处理浮点数时存在一定的难度 2.题目中提到"the probability of getting caught from robbing", 是指被抓的概率. 设盗取第i家银行的概率是Pi, 盗取第i家银行逃跑的概率是Ri 则 Pi = 1 - Ri 且盗取多家(i家)银行被抓的概率 PPi = 1 - (R1*R2*R3*...*Ri), 这中间有个转换过程 对于第一个问题, 采用的解决方案是将多家银行的总资金数量作为01背包问题中的背包重量V, 可以这样转换的原因是 转换之前, 我们求解的是 资金关于风险的离散函数即y=money[x], 且是单调的; 转换之后, 我们求解的是 风险关于资金的离散函数即x=money'[y], 并且也是单调的. // 源码: #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <memory.h> int main() { int ncases = 0; int nbanks = 0; int *mounts; double deadline = 0.0; double *risks; /* process the input */ setbuf(stdin, NULL); while ( scanf("%d", &ncases) != EOF ) { if ( ncases < 1 || ncases > 100 ) { printf("Invalid ncases\n"); setbuf(stdin, NULL); continue; } while( ncases ) { scanf("%lf %d", &deadline, &nbanks); if ( deadline < 0.0 || deadline > 1.0 || nbanks < 1 || nbanks > 100 ) { printf("Invalid deadline or nbanks\n"); setbuf(stdin, NULL); ncases--; continue; } mounts = (int *)malloc(nbanks*sizeof(int)); risks = (double *)malloc(nbanks*sizeof(double)); int i, total = 0; for ( i = 0; i < nbanks; i++ ) { scanf("%d %lf", &mounts[i], &risks[i]); if ( mounts[i] < 1 || mounts[i] > 100 || risks[i] < 0.0 || risks[i] > 1.0 ) { printf("Invalid mounts or risks\n"); setbuf(stdin, NULL); free(mounts); free(risks); ncases--; continue; } total += mounts[i]; } /* core algorithm */ /* ** runaway probality ** the index means the mounts robbed ** runaway[0] means that the robber doesn't rob bank ** runaway[v] = max{runaway[v], runaway[v-mounts[i]]*risks[i]} */ double *runaway = (double *)malloc((total+1)*sizeof(double)); runaway[0] = 1.0; for ( i = 1; i <= total; i++ ) runaway[i] = 0.0; int j; double tmp = 0.0; for ( i = 0; i < nbanks; i++ ) { for ( j = total; j >= 0; j-- ) { if ( j >= mounts[i] ) tmp = runaway[j-mounts[i]]*(1-risks[i]); else tmp = runaway[j]; runaway[j] = tmp > runaway[j] ? tmp : runaway[j]; } } int k; for ( k = total; k >= 0; k-- ) if ( runaway[k] >= 1.0-deadline ) { printf("%d\n", k); break; } /* clear all */ free(mounts); free(risks); free(runaway); ncases--; } } return 0; } 参考资料: 1.http://blog.csdn.net/qq172108805/article/details/8141851
动态规划 hdu2955 思考过程
最新推荐文章于 2021-11-05 23:29:25 发布