Linux内核List中的list_entry分析

/**
 * list_entry - get the struct for this entry
 * @ptr: the &struct list_head pointer.
 * @type: the type of the struct this is embedded in.
 * @member: the name of the list_struct within the struct.
 */
#define list_entry(ptr, type, member) \
container_of(ptr, type, member)

#define offsetof(TYPE, MEMBER) ((size_t) &((TYPE *)0)->MEMBER)


/**
 * container_of - cast a member of a structure out to the containing structure
 * @ptr:        the pointer to the member.
 * @type:       the type of the container struct this is embedded in.
 * @member:     the name of the member within the struct.
 *
 */
#define container_of(ptr, type, member) ({                      \
const typeof( ((type *)0)->member ) *__mptr = (ptr);    \
(type *)( (char *)__mptr - offsetof(type,member) );})

list_entry宏的主要功能就是根据type类型结构体中的member成员的位置ptr，得到type类型结构体的位置。

例如:

struct my_list{
	struct list_head list;
	char data;
};
struct my_list *mylist;
struct list_head *pos;
...
mylist = list_entry(pos, struct my_list, list_head);

指向my_list结构体的指针值可以根据其成员list_head的指针值pos来得到，即向前移动一个偏移量，这个偏移量即&(((struct my_list *)0)->list_head).