1.截取字符串一部分 (substringWithRange:(NSRange*))
NSString *a = @"01234567890";
NSString *b = [a substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(0,2)];
b = "01"
2.字符串截取到第n位 (substringToIndex: n) (第n位不在截取范围内)
NSString *a = @"01234567890";
NSString *b = [a substringToIndex:5];
b = "01234"
3.字符串从第n位开始截取 (substringFromIndex: n)(第n位包括在截取范围内)
NSString *a = @"01234567890";
NSString *b = [a substringFromIndex:5];
b = "567890"
4.字符串按照要求删去 (deleteCharactersInRange:(NSRange*))
NSString *a = @"01234567890";
NSString *b = [a deleteCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(1,4)];
b = "0567890"