Java的一些总结1

Java的一些总结1

二维数组

1.二维数组的定义**

两种初始化形式
格式1: 动态初始化

数据类型 数组名 [ ][ ] = new 数据类型[m][n]
数据类型 [ ][ ] 数组名 = new 数据类型[m][n]
数据类型 [ ] 数组名 [ ] = new 数据类型[m][n]

举例：int [ ][ ] arr=new int [5][3]; 也可以理解为“5行3例”

格式2: 静态初始化
数据类型 [ ][ ] 数组名 = {{元素1,元素2…},{元素1,元素2…},{元素1,元素2…}…};

举例：int [ ][ ] arr={{22,15,32,20,18},{12,21,25,19,33},{14,58,34,24,66},};

2.二维数组在method间的传递
见程序
此程序的目的是
在给定大小的画布内画矩形，重叠处会被最新的矩阵覆盖，输入为负数时画出最终图像。

3.写死循环可用

• while(true)
• for(;; )

4.输入一个char字符可用
char c = new java.util.Scanner(System.in).next().charAt(0);
或者
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
String s = sc.next();
char c = s.charAt(0);
1）先创建一个Scanner对象
2）调用Scanner对象的next()方法获取控制台输入，返回的是一个String类型,因为没有nextChar()方法
3）调用String的charAt(0)方法获取第一个字符
5.Unreachable code 错误

不可达代码，比如在循环的break或者return后面的代码就是不可达代码，因为执行它们之前就已经跳出循环了，只要把这段代码移到break或者return之前就好了。
或者是没能完全跳出循环，无法执行那些语句。

package test;
import java.util.Scanner;

class  ImageBuilder
{

	public  char[][] addRectangle(int[] arrTL, int[] arrBR, char chara, char[][] rectang)	//Add new Rectangle to the total,rectang is the last image
	{
		if (arrTL[0] < arrBR[0] && arrTL[1] < arrBR[1])				//Overwrite previous characters
		{
			for (int i=arrTL[0]; i<arrBR[0]+1; i++)
			{
				for (int j=arrTL[1]; j<arrBR[1]+1; j++)
				{
					rectang[i][j] = chara;
				}
				
			}				
		}
		
		return rectang;
	}
	
	void drawImage(char[][] arr, int[] area)					//Display the final image
	{
	
		for (int i=0; i<area[0]; i++)
		{
			for (int j=0; j<area[1]; j++) 
			{
				System.out.print(arr[i][j]);
			}
			System.out.println();			
		}
	}
}



public class Image{

	public static void main(String[] args)
	{
		ImageBuilder image1 = new ImageBuilder();
		int[] area = new int[2];		//Image size
		int[] topL = new int[2];		//Top left corner
		int[] bottomR = new int[2];		// Bottom right corner
		boolean err;
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
		
		do
		{
			System.out.println("Please enter the size of the drawing area (height, width): ");
			err = false;
			if (sc.hasNextInt())
			{
				area[0] = sc.nextInt();
				area[1] = sc.nextInt();
			}
			else
			{
				err = true;
				String line = sc.nextLine();
				System.out.println("Error. Try again");
			}
		}while(err);
		
		
		char[][] arrR = new char[area[0]][area[1]];
		for (int i=0; i<area[0]; i++)
		{
				for (int j=0; j<area[1]; j++)
				{					
					arrR[i][j] = ' ';
				}				
		}
		lable1:
		while(true)				//It can draw several rectangle
		{	
			do
			{
				System.out.println("Please enter the coordinates of the top left corner of a rectangle (row, col): ");
				err = false;
				if (sc.hasNextInt())
				{
					topL[0] = sc.nextInt();
					if (topL[0]<0) 	
						break lable1;				//topL[0]<0 get out big loop
					topL[1] = sc.nextInt();
				}
				else
				{
					err = true;
					String line = sc.nextLine();
					System.out.println("Error. Try again");
				}
			}while(err);
		
			do
			{
				System.out.println("Please enter the coordinates of the bottom right corner of the rectangle (row, col): ");
				err = false;
				if (sc.hasNextInt())
				{
					bottomR[0] = sc.nextInt();
					bottomR[1] = sc.nextInt();
				}
				else
				{
					err = true;
					String line = sc.nextLine();
					System.out.println("Error. Try again");
				}
			}while(err);

			System.out.println("Please enter the character to be used to fill the rectangle: ");
			String s = sc.next();
			char fill = s.charAt(0);
			System.out.println("Thank you. Rectangle added to image.");
			System.out.println();
			image1.addRectangle(topL, bottomR, fill, arrR);	
		}		
		System.out.println("Image complete. Displaying image . . . ");
		image1.drawImage(arrR, area);
		sc.close();
	}	
}