NUMBER Data Type

The NUMBER data type stores zero as well as positive(肯定的,确定的,正数) and negative(负数,负的) fixed numbers with absolute values(绝对值)  from 1.0 x 10^-130 to but not including 1.0 x 10¹²⁶. If you specify an arithmetic(算术) expression_r(表达,表达式) whose value has an absolute value greater(大于) than or equal to 1.0 x 10¹²⁶, then Oracle returns an error. Each NUMBER value requires(需要) from 1 to 22 bytes.

Specify a fixed-point number using the following form(以下形式):

NUMBER(p,s)

where(其中):

• p is the precision(精度), or the maximum number of significant(重大的,有效的) decimal digits(小数位数), where the most(大部分的) significant digit is the left-most nonzero digit(非零的数字), and the least(最小的,最少的) significant digit is the right-most known digit(已知位数). Oracle guarantees(保证) the portability(轻便,可移植性的) of numbers with precision of up to 20 base-100 digits, which(这是) is equivalent to(相当于,等价于)39 or 40 decimal digits depending on the position(位置) of the decimal point(小数点).

• s is the scale(刻度,比例,规模), or the number of digits from the decimal point to the least significant digit. The scale can range(范围,幅度) from -84 to 127.

  • Positive scale(正刻度) is the number of significant digits to the right of the decimal point to and including the least significant digit.

  • Negative(负) scale is the number of significant digits to the left of the decimal point, to but not including the least significant digit. For negative scale the least significant digit is on the left side(左侧) of the decimal point, because the actual data(实际数据) is rounded to(四舍五入到) the specified number of places to the left of the decimal point. For example, a specification(规格,规范) of (10,-2) means to round(圆) to hundreds.

Scale can be(能够,可以) greater(大于) than precision, most commonly(最常用的) when e notation(注释,标记) is used. When scale is greater than precision, the precision specifies the maximum number of significant digits to the right of the decimal point. For example, a columndefined(定义) as NUMBER(4,5) requires a zero for the first digit after the decimal point and rounds all values past(过去,往事) the fifth digit after the decimal point.

It is good practice(好做法) to specify the scale and precision of a fixed-point number column forextra(额外) integrity(完整) checking on(检查,核实) input. Specifying scale and precision does not force all values to a fixed length. If a value exceeds(超过) the precision, then Oracle returns an error. If a value exceeds the scale, then Oracle rounds it(四舍五入).

Specify an integer(整数) using the following form:

NUMBER(p)

This represents(代表) a fixed-point number with precision p and scale 0 and is equivalent to(相当于) NUMBER(p,0).

Specify a floating-point number(浮点数) using the following form:

NUMBER

The absence(没有) of precision and scale designators(指定这,标志符) specifies the maximum range and precision for an Oracle number.

See Also(另见):

"Floating-Point Numbers"

Table 3-2 show how Oracle stores data using different precisions and scales.