spring自动装配

老子有这样一个想法，我靠.xml里文件要写的太多了bean，我要用一个类，就要写一个bean，这不坑爹吗，

现在老子想要指定一个包，你丫自动把包内的所有类给我弄成bean，这个解决方法就是自动装配

applicationContext.xml

配置文件中需要加入<beans>标签的代码

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xsi:schemaLocation="...http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd"

，否则11行会报错 The prefix "context" for element "context:component-scan" is not bound.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
    xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.pkg" />
	//自动装配会扫描com.pkg这个包下的所有类，
	//注入时，根据包中的类名注入，类名字符串首字母使用小写
	//例如 Zoo zoo = (Zoo)context.getBean("zoo");
</beans>

Zoo.java

package com.pkg;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
//import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Component //这个注解表示，这是一个自动扫描的组件
//@Service("ZOO_SERVICE") 当这个注释取消时，注入时应该这样写 Zoo zoo = (Zoo)context.getBean("ZOO_SERVICE");并且这样会报错Zoo zoo = (Zoo)context.getBean("zoo");

public class Zoo {
	
	@Autowired//自动装配animal,按类型，如果按名称装配，请使用@Resource
	private Animal animal;
	private String zooName;
	
	public void setAnimal(Animal someAnimal) {
		this.animal = someAnimal;
	}
	
	public void setZooName(String zooName) {
		this.zooName = zooName;
	}
	
	public Animal getAnimal() {
		return this.animal;
	}
	
	public String zooName() {
		return this.zooName;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString(){
		return "Zoo [zooName=" + zooName + "][animal=(" + animal + ")]";
	}
	
}

Animal.java

package com.pkg;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;


@Component
public class Animal {
	private String species;
	private int amount;
	
	
	public String getSpecies() {
		return species;
	}


	public void setSpecies(String species) {
		this.species = species;
	}


	public int getAmount() {
		return amount;
	}


	public void setAmount(int amount) {
		this.amount = amount;
	}


	@Override
	public String toString(){
		return "Animal species=" + species + " amount=" + amount; 
	}
}

App.java

package com.pkg;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class App {


	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
		//Zoo zoo = (Zoo)context.getBean("ZOO_SERVICE");使用@Service时的注入用法
		Zoo zoo = (Zoo)context.getBean("zoo");//类名首字母小写
		System.out.println(zoo);
	}

}

执行输出

Zoo [zooName=null][animal=(Animal species=null amount=0)]

追加

当某接口AInterface这样写时

@Autowired

AInterface aService;

框架就会去找

包含@Service("aService")这个注解的实现这个接口的类。