XML的Jaxp中DOM解析

1.项目结构

2.Person.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<person>
<age>19</age>
<name>乐乐</name>
<sex>不男不女</sex>

<age>18</age>
<name>悠悠</name>
<sex>女</sex>
    <school>暨南大学</school>
    <school>暨南大学</school>
    <school>暨南大学</school>
    <school>暨南大学</school>
</person>

3.Jaxp.java

import java.io.IOException;


import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;


import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;


/**
 * 
 * @author gaosong
 *
 */
public class Jaxp {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
findByName();
findFirstByName("age");  //查询第一个age标签的文本内容
addNode("person","school");//将school添加到person下
change("sex","不男不女");//将第一个sex标签文本设置为不男不女
deleteByParent("school");//通过父节点删除此节点
traversal("person");//遍历person节点
}


/**
* 根据节点名称查询节点
* @throws ParserConfigurationException
* @throws SAXException
* @throws IOException
*/
public static void findByName() throws ParserConfigurationException, SAXException, IOException{
//获取解析器工厂
DocumentBuilderFactory factory=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
//通过解析器工厂获取解析器
DocumentBuilder builder=factory.newDocumentBuilder();
//将给定 URI 的内容解析为一个 XML 文档，并且返回一个新的 DOM Document 对象
Document document=builder.parse("Person.xml");

//Document接口的父接口是Node接口，提供了一系列有效的方法
//Node firstChildNode=document.getFirstChild();
//System.out.println(firstChildNode.getNodeName());

//通过标签名称获取标签，返回值为NodeList类型
NodeList list=document.getElementsByTagName("name");
for (int i=0;i<list.getLength();i++){
//返回此节点及其后代的文本内容
System.out.println("name标签对的值     "+ list.item(i).getTextContent());
}
}

/**
* 根据节点名称查询第一个具有此名称的节点
* @throws Exception 
*/
public static void findFirstByName(String str) throws Exception{
DocumentBuilderFactory factory=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder builder=factory.newDocumentBuilder();
Document document=builder.parse("Person.xml");
//通过标签名称获取标签，返回值为NodeList类型
NodeList list=document.getElementsByTagName(str);
//返回第一个节点及其后代的文本内容
System.out.println("第一个 "+str+"标签的文本内容        " +list.item(0).getTextContent());
}
/**
* 增加节点
* @param nodeSource
* @param nodeResult
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void addNode(String nodeSource,String nodeResult) throws Exception{
DocumentBuilderFactory factory=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder builder=factory.newDocumentBuilder();
Document document=builder.parse("Person.xml");
Node node1=document.getElementsByTagName(nodeSource).item(0);//获取第一个nodeStr标签
Element school=document.createElement(nodeResult);
school.setTextContent("暨南大学");//为school标签添加文本内容
node1.appendChild(school);
//将document回写到XML中
TransformerFactory factory1=TransformerFactory.newInstance();
Transformer former=factory1.newTransformer();
former.transform(new DOMSource(document), new StreamResult("Person.xml"));//参考api
}
/**
* 替换节点下的文本内容
* @param oldTagName
* @param newTagText
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void  change(String oldTagName,String newTagText) throws Exception{
DocumentBuilderFactory factory=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder builder=factory.newDocumentBuilder();
Document document=builder.parse("Person.xml");
Node node1=document.getElementsByTagName(oldTagName).item(0);
node1.setTextContent(newTagText);
TransformerFactory factory1=TransformerFactory.newInstance();
Transformer former=factory1.newTransformer();
former.transform(new DOMSource(document), new StreamResult("Person.xml"));//参考api
}

/**
* 通过父节点删除此节点
* @param nodestr
* @throws Exception
*/
public static void deleteByParent(String nodestr) throws Exception{
DocumentBuilderFactory factory=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder builder=factory.newDocumentBuilder();
Document document=builder.parse("Person.xml");
Node node1=document.getElementsByTagName(nodestr).item(0);
node1.getParentNode().removeChild(node1);//通过父节点删除此节点
TransformerFactory factory1=TransformerFactory.newInstance();
Transformer former=factory1.newTransformer();
former.transform(new DOMSource(document), new StreamResult("Person.xml"));//参考api
}

/**
* 遍历node节点下的所有子节点
* @param node
* @throws Exception
* @throws IOException
*/
public static void traversal(String node) throws Exception, IOException{
DocumentBuilderFactory factory=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder builder=factory.newDocumentBuilder();
Document document=builder.parse("Person.xml");
Node node1=document.getElementsByTagName(node).item(0);//获取node节点
listNodes(node1);
}
/**
* 递归函数，获取所有子节点
* @param node
*/
public static void listNodes(Node node){
if(node.getNodeType()==Node.ELEMENT_NODE)//如果是元素节点
{System.out.println("元素节点"+node.getNodeName());
}else if(node.getNodeType()==Node.TEXT_NODE)//如果是文本节点
{
System.out.println("文本节点"+node.getTextContent());
}
NodeList list=node.getChildNodes();
for(int i=0;i<list.getLength();i++){
Node node1=list.item(i);
listNodes(node1);
}
}
}