由String index out of range: -1引发的思考

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最新推荐文章于 2025-03-17 20:09:11 发布

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分类专栏： java 文章标签： string String index out of StringIndexOutOfBoun

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本文详细解释了StringIndexOutOfBoundsException异常产生的原因及其在Java中常见的几种触发场景，如使用String.substring等方法时的操作不当。

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由String index out of range: -1引发的思考

废话不多说，这个错误很容易就能明白其含义：字符串的索引越界了。

一般都是字符串操作引起的，最典型的：

String str = “123456789”;//字符串长度是9
String tempStr = str.substring(0, 10);//一定报错：String index out of range: 10

该错误是由于字符串操作过程中抛出StringIndexOutOfBoundsException异常，源码如下：

package java.lang;

/**
 * Thrown by {@code String} methods to indicate that an index
 * is either negative or greater than the size of the string.  For
 * some methods such as the charAt method, this exception also is
 * thrown when the index is equal to the size of the string.
 *
 * @author  unascribed
 * @see     java.lang.String#charAt(int)
 * @since   JDK1.0
 */
public
class StringIndexOutOfBoundsException extends IndexOutOfBoundsException {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -6762910422159637258L;

    /**
     * Constructs a {@code StringIndexOutOfBoundsException} with no
     * detail message.
     *
     * @since   JDK1.0.
     */
    public StringIndexOutOfBoundsException() {
        super();
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a {@code StringIndexOutOfBoundsException} with
     * the specified detail message.
     *
     * @param   s   the detail message.
     */
    public StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(String s) {
        super(s);
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a new {@code StringIndexOutOfBoundsException}
     * class with an argument indicating the illegal index.
     *
     * @param   index   the illegal index.
     */
    public StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(int index) {
        super("String index out of range: " + index);
    }
}

最后，总结一下，总共有以下几个方法会抛出该异常：

String.substring()

String.charAt()

String.codePointAt()

String.codePointBefore()

String.subSequence()

String.getChars()

String.getBytes()