原地址: http://www.cnblogs.com/aqxss/p/6563625.html
一、设有一数据库,包括四个表:学生表(Student)、课程表(Course)、成绩表(Score)以及教师信息表(Teacher)。四个表的结构分别如表1-1的表(一)~表(四)所示,数据如表1-2的表(一)~表(四)所示。用SQL语句创建四个表并完成相关题目。
表1-1数据库的表结构
表(一)Student (学生表)
属性名 数据类型 可否为空 含 义
Sno varchar (20) 否 学号(主码)
Sname varchar (20) 否 学生姓名
Ssex varchar (20) 否 学生性别
Sbirthday datetime 可 学生出生年月
Class varchar (20) 可 学生所在班级
表(二)Course(课程表)
属性名 数据类型 可否为空 含 义
Cno varchar (20) 否 课程号(主码)
Cname varchar (20) 否 课程名称
Tno varchar (20) 否 教工编号(外码)
表(三)Score(成绩表)
属性名 数据类型 可否为空 含 义
Sno varchar (20) 否 学号(外码)
Cno varchar (20) 否 课程号(外码)
Degree Decimal(4,1) 可 成绩
主码:Sno+ Cno
表(四)Teacher(教师表)
属性名 数据类型 可否为空 含 义
Tno varchar (20) 否 教工编号(主码)
Tname varchar (20) 否 教工姓名
Tsex varchar (20) 否 教工性别
Tbirthday datetime 可 教工出生年月
Prof varchar (20) 可 职称
Depart varchar (20) 否 教工所在部门
表1-2数据库中的数据
表(一)Student
Sno Sname Ssex Sbirthday class
108 曾华 男 1977-09-01 95033
105 匡明 男 1975-10-02 95031
107 王丽 女 1976-01-23 95033
101 李军 男 1976-02-20 95033
109 王芳 女 1975-02-10 95031
103 陆君 男 1974-06-03 95031
表(二)Course
Cno Cname Tno
3-105 计算机导论 825
3-245 操作系统 804
6-166 数字电路 856
9-888 高等数学 831
表(三)Score
Sno Cno Degree
103 3-245 86
105 3-245 75
109 3-245 68
103 3-105 92
105 3-105 88
109 3-105 76
101 3-105 64
107 3-105 91
108 3-105 78
101 6-166 85
107 6-166 79
108 6-166 81
表(四)Teacher
Tno Tname Tsex Tbirthday Prof Depart
804 李诚 男 1958-12-02 副教授 计算机系
856 张旭 男 1969-03-12 讲师 电子工程系
825 王萍 女 1972-05-05 助教 计算机系
831 刘冰 女 1977-08-14 助教 电子工程系
#建学生信息表studentcreate table student(sno varchar(20) not null primary key,sname varchar(20) not null,ssex varchar(20) not null,sbirthday datetime,class varchar(20));#建立教师表create table teacher(tno varchar(20) not null primary key,tname varchar(20) not null,tsex varchar(20) not null,tbirthday datetime,prof varchar(20),depart varchar(20) not null);#建立课程表coursecreate table course(cno varchar(20) not null primary key,cname varchar(20) not null,tno varchar(20) not null,foreign key(tno) references teacher(tno));#建立成绩表create table score(sno varchar(20) not null ,foreign key(sno) references student(sno),cno varchar(20) not null,foreign key(cno) references course(cno),degree decimal);
#添加学生信息insert into student values('108','曾华','男','1977-09-01','95033');insert into student values('105','匡明','男','1975-10-02','95031');insert into student values('107','王丽','女','1976-01-23','95033');insert into student values('101','李军','男','1976-02-20','95033');insert into student values('109','王芳','女','1975-02-10','95031');insert into student values('103','陆君','男','1974-06-03','95031');#添加教师表insert into teacher values('804','李诚','男','1958-12-02','副教授','计算机系');insert into teacher values('856','张旭','男','1969-03-12','讲师','电子工程系');insert into teacher values('825','王萍','女','1972-05-05','助教','计算机系');insert into teacher values('831','刘冰','女','1977-08-14','助教','电子工程系');#添加课程表insert into course values('3-105','计算机导论','825');insert into course values('3-245','操作系统','804');insert into course values('6-166','数字电路','856');insert into course values('9-888','高等数学','831');#添加成绩表insert into score VALUES('103','3-245','86');insert into score VALUES('105','3-245','75');insert into score VALUES('109','3-245','68');insert into score VALUES('103','3-105','92');insert into score VALUES('105','3-105','88');insert into score VALUES('109','3-105','76');insert into score VALUES('101','3-105','64');insert into score VALUES('107','3-105','91');insert into score VALUES('108','3-105','78');insert into score VALUES('101','6-166','85');insert into score VALUES('107','6-166','79');insert into score VALUES('108','6-166','81');
1、 查询Student表中的所有记录的Sname、Ssex和Class列。
1 select Sname,Ssex,Class from student
2、 查询教师所有的单位即不重复的Depart列。
1 select distinct Depart from teacher
3、 查询Student表的所有记录。
1 select * from student
4、 查询Score表中成绩在60到80之间的所有记录。
1 select * from Score where Degree between 60 and 80
5、 查询Score表中成绩为85,86或88的记录。
1 select * from Score where Degree in(85,86,88)
6、 查询Student表中“95031”班或性别为“女”的同学记录。
1 select * from Student where class='95031' or Ssex='女'
7、 以Class降序查询Student表的所有记录。
1 select * from student order by class desc
8、 以Cno升序、Degree降序查询Score表的所有记录。
1 select * from Score order by cno asc,degree desc
9、 查询“95031”班的学生人数。
1 select count(*) from student where class='95031'
10、 查询Score表中的最高分的学生学号和课程号。(子查询或者排序)
1 select Sno,Cno from Score where Degree=(select max(Degree) from Score)
1 select Sno,Cno from Score order by Degree desc limit 0,1
11、 查询每门课的平均成绩。
1 select Cno,avg(degree) from Score group by Cno
12、 查询Score表中至少有5名学生选修的并以3开头的课程的平均分数。
1 select avg(Degree) from score where Cno like '3%' and Cno in (select Cno from score group by Cno having count(*)>=5) 用in 不用= 是因为可能会有多个
1 简单写法:select avg(Degree) from score where Cno like '3%' and group by Cno having count(*)>=5
13、 查询分数大于70,小于90的Sno列。
1 select Sno from Score where degree>70 and degree<90
14、 查询所有学生的Sname、Cno和Degree列。
1 select Sname, Cno,Degree from Score , student where Score.Sno=student.Sno
15、 查询所有学生的Sno、Cname和Degree列。
1 select Sno,Cname,Degree from Score , Course where Score.Cno=Course.Cno
16、 查询所有学生的Sname、Cname和Degree列。
1 select Sname,Cname,Degree from student,course,score where student.Sno=score.Sno and course.Cno=score.Cno
1 join .. on 写法:select Sname,Cname,Degree from student join score on student.Sno=score.Sno join course on course.Cno=score.Cno
17、 查询“95033”班学生的平均分。
1 select avg(degree) as 'class=95033' from Score where Sno in (select Sno from Student where Class='95033' )
18、 假设使用如下命令建立了一个grade表:
create table grade(low int(3),upp int(3),rank char(1))
insert into grade values(90,100,’A’)
insert into grade values(80,89,’B’)
insert into grade values(70,79,’C’)
insert into grade values(60,69,’D’)
insert into grade values(0,59,’E’)
现查询所有同学的Sno、Cno和rank列。
1 select Sno,Cno,rank from Score,grade where degree between low and upp
19、查询选修“3-105”课程的成绩高于“109”号同学成绩的所有同学的记录。
1 <span style="color: #000000; font-size: 15px">109同学,选修是3-105课的</span>
1 select * from score where Cno='3-105' and degree>(select max(degree ) from Score where Sno='109' and Cno='3-105' )
1 <span style="font-size: 15px">109同学,没有选修3-105课</span>
1 select * from score where Cno='3-105' and degree>(select max(degree ) from Score where Sno='109')
and degree<( select max(degree ) from Score where sno in (select Sno from score group by Sno having count(*)>1))
1 选了多门课程并且是这个课程下不是最高分的
1 select * from score a where Sno in (select Sno from score group by Sno having count(*)>1) and degree<( select max(degree ) from Score b where b.cno = a.cno)
21、查询成绩高于学号为“109”、课程号为“3-105”的成绩的所有记录。
1 Select * from score where degree>(select degree from Score where Sno='109' and Cno='3-105' )
22、查询和学号为108、101的同学同年出生的所有学生的Sno、Sname和Sbirthday列。
1 select sno,sname,sbirthday from student where year(sbirthday) = (select year(sbirthday) from student where sno='108')
1 select sno,sname,sbirthday from student where year(sbirthday) = (select year(sbirthday) from student where sno='101')
23、查询“张旭“教师任课的学生成绩。
1 select Sno,degree from score,Course where score.Cno=Course.Cno and Course.Tno= (select Tno from Teacher where Tname='张旭' )
1 select degree from score where Cno in (select cno from course where Tno= (select Tno from Teacher where Tname='张旭' ) )
24、查询选修某课程的同学人数多于5人的教师姓名。
1 select Tname from Teacher, Course where Teacher.Tno=Course.Tno and Course.Cno =(select Cno from Score group by Cno having count(*)>5)
1 select Tname from Teacher where tno=( select Tno from Course where cno=( select Cno from Score group by Cno having count(*)>5 ))
25、查询95033班和95031班全体学生的记录。
1 select * from student where class in ('95033','95031')
26、 查询存在有85分以上成绩的课程Cno.
1 select Cno from score where degree>85
27、查询出“计算机系“教师所教课程的成绩表。
1 select * from course where cno in (select cno from course where tno in (select tno from teacher where Depart='计算机系'))
28、查询“计算 机系”与“电子工程系“不同职称的教师的Tname和Prof。
1 select Tname,Prof from Teacher where Depart ='计算机系' and Prof not in( select Prof from Teacher where Depart ='电子工程系')<br>union <br>select Tname,Prof from Teacher where Depart ='电子工程系' and Prof not in( select Prof from Teacher where Depart ='计算机系')
29、查询选修编号为“3-105“课程且成绩至少高于选修编号为“3-245”的同学的Cno、Sno和Degree,并按Degree从高到低次序排序。
any:代表括号中任意一个成绩就可以
1 select Cno,Sno,Degree from score where cno='3-105' and degree >any(select degree from score where cno='3-245' ) order by degree desc
30、查询选修编号为“3-105”且成绩高于选修编号为“3-245”课程的同学的Cno、Sno和Degree.
all:代表括号中的所有成绩
1 select Cno,Sno,Degree from score where cno='3-105' and degree >all(select degree from score where cno='3-245' ) order by degree desc
31、 查询所有教师和同学的name、sex和birthday.
1 select tname,tsex,tbirthday from Teacher union select sname,ssex,sbirthday from Student
32、查询所有“女”教师和“女”同学的name、sex和birthday.
1 select Tname,Tsex,Tbirthday from Teacher where Tsex='女' union select Sname,Ssex,Sbirthday from Student where Ssex='女'
33、 查询成绩比该课程平均成绩低的同学的成绩表。
1 select * from score a where degree < (select avg(degree) from score b where b.cno=a.cno)
34、 查询所有任课教师的Tname和Depart.
1 select Tname,Depart from Teacher where tno in (select tno from course )
35 、 查询所有未讲课的教师的Tname和Depart.
1 select Tname,Depart from Teacher where Tno not in (select Tno from Course where cno in (select cno from score ))
36、查询至少有2名男生的班号。
1 select class from student where ssex='男' group by class having count(*)>1
37、查询Student表中不姓“王”的同学记录。
1 select * from Student where Sname not like '王%%'
38、查询Student表中每个学生的姓名和年龄。
1 select Sname, year(now())-year(sbirthday) from Student
39、查询Student表中最大和最小的Sbirthday日期值。
1 select Max(Sbirthday ),Min(Sbirthday ) from Student
40、以班号和年龄从大到小的顺序查询Student表中的全部记录。
1 select * from Student order by class desc, Sbirthday
41、查询“男”教师及其所上的课程。
1 select Tname,Cname from course,teacher where course.tno= teacher.tno and teacher.Tsex='男'
42、查询最高分同学的Sno、Cno和Degree列。
1 select Sno,Cno,Degree from score where degree=(select max(degree) from score)
排序写法:
1 select Sno,Cno,Degree from score order by degree desc limit 0,1
43、查询和“李军”同性别的所有同学的Sname.
1 select Sname from Student where Ssex = (select Ssex from Student where Sname='李军')
44、查询和“李军”同性别并同班的同学Sname.
1 select Sname from Student where Ssex = (select Ssex from Student where Sname='李军' ) and class=( select class from student where Sname='李军')
45、查询所有选修“计算机导论”课程的“男”同学的成绩表。
1 select Sno,Cno,degree from score where Cno=( select Cno from course where Cname='计算机导论') and Sno in (select Sno from student where Ssex='男')