1. 标签语言特点
<开始标签 属性=“属性值”>标签体</结束标签>
空标签
<br/><hr/>
<开始标签></结束标签>
<开始标签/>
ui标签
控制标签
数据标签
2. 自定义标签的开发及使用步骤
2.1 创建一个标签助手类(继承BodyTagSupport)
标签属性必须助手类的属性对应、且要提供对应get/set方法
rtexprvalue
2.2 创建标签库描述文件(tld)，添加自定义标签的配置
注：tld文件必须保存到WEB-INF目录或其子目录
2.3 在JSP通过taglib指令导入标签库，并通过指定后缀
访问自定义标签
3. 标签生命周期
SKIP_BODY
3.1 实例化标签助手类->doStartTag()------------->doEndTag()
//主要用开发简单标签
EVAL_BODY_INCLUDE SKIP_BODY
3.2 实例化标签助手类->doStartTag()------------->doAfterBody---------------->doEndTag()…
EVAL_BODY_AGAIN
3.3 …
SKIP_BODY：跳过主体
EVAL_BODY_INCLUDE：计算标签主体内容并[输出]
EVAL_BODY_BUFFERED：计算标签主体内容并[缓存]
EVAL_PAGE:计算页面的后续部分
SKIP_PAGE:跳过页面的后续部分
EVAL_BODY_AGAIN:再计算主体一次
备注：1、标签库的运作离不开tld文件 。 2、标签库的标签是定义在tld中的tag标签内（助手类）
4.实践
set助手
package com.likang.jsp;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.BodyTagSupport;
public class SetTag extends BodyTagSupport{
private static final long serialVersionUID = -6620809487950787524L;
private String var;
private String value;
public String getVar() {
return var;
}
public void setVar(String var) {
this.var = var;
}
public String getValue() {
return value;
}
public void setValue(String value) {
this.value = value;
}
@Override
public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
pageContext.setAttribute(var, value);
return SKIP_BODY;
}
}
out助手
package com.likang.jsp;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter;
import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.BodyTagSupport;
public class OutTag extends BodyTagSupport{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 7607395783929157755L;
private String value;
public String getValue() {
return value;
}
public void setValue(String value) {
this.value = value;
}
@Override
public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
JspWriter out = pageContext.getOut();
try {
out.print(value);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return SKIP_BODY;
}
}
if助手
package com.likang.jsp;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.BodyTagSupport;
public class IfTag extends BodyTagSupport{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private boolean test;
public boolean isTest() {
return test;
}
public void setTest(boolean test) {
this.test = test;
}
@Override
public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return test ? EVAL_BODY_INCLUDE :SKIP_BODY;
}
}
foreach助手
package com.likang.jsp;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.BodyTagSupport;
/**
* c:foreach
* var 指针
* items 指的是需要遍历的集合对象
* <c:foreach var="stu" items="stus">
* ${stu.name}...
* <c/foreach}
* @author Hasee
*
*/
public class ForeachTag extends BodyTagSupport{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String var;
private List<Object> items=new ArrayList<>();
public String getVar() {
return var;
}
public void setVar(String var) {
this.var = var;
}
public List<Object> getItems() {
return items;
}
public void setItems(List<Object> items) {
this.items = items;
}
@Override
public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
Iterator<Object> it=items.iterator();
//默认指针存放的位置是没有指向对象的，现在需要指向对象，那么需要指针下移
pageContext.setAttribute(var, it.next());
//因为集合中元素较多，那么指针需要循环的向下移动，那么我们需要将迭代器保存，用于下一次指针下移所用
pageContext.setAttribute("it", it);
return EVAL_BODY_INCLUDE;
}
@Override
public int doAfterBody() throws JspException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//获取已经保存了的迭代器
Iterator<Object> it= (Iterator<Object>) pageContext.getAttribute("it");
if(it.hasNext()) {
//指针下移指向新的元素
pageContext.setAttribute(var,it.next());
//再保存正在使用的迭代器
pageContext.setAttribute("it", it);
return EVAL_BODY_AGAIN;
}
return EVAL_PAGE;
}
}
select助手
package com.likang.jsp;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter;
import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.BodyTagSupport;
import org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.serializer.ToHTMLSAXHandler;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.serializer.ToHTMLStream;
/**
* <select id='' name=''>
* <option value='' selected></option>
* </select>
* 查询维度:下拉列表
* 修改页面：下拉列表 数据回显
*
*
* 1。id，name
* 2,数据源，存入数据库中值textKey,展示列textVal
* 3，加入属性（默认的头部属性值，默认的展示列值）
* 4，加入属性，能够实现数据回显的功能selectdVal
* @author Hasee
*
*/
public class SelectTag extends BodyTagSupport{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String id;
private String name;
private List<Object> items=new ArrayList<Object>();
private String textKey;
private String textVal;
private String headTextKey;
private String headTextVal;
private String selectedVal;
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public List<Object> getItems() {
return items;
}
public void setItems(List<Object> items) {
this.items = items;
}
public String getTextKey() {
return textKey;
}
public void setTextKey(String textKey) {
this.textKey = textKey;
}
public String getTextVal() {
return textVal;
}
public void setTextVal(String textVal) {
this.textVal = textVal;
}
public String getHeadTextKey() {
return headTextKey;
}
public void setHeadTextKey(String headTextKey) {
this.headTextKey = headTextKey;
}
public String getHeadTextVal() {
return headTextVal;
}
public void setHeadTextVal(String headTextVal) {
this.headTextVal = headTextVal;
}
public String getSelectedVal() {
return selectedVal;
}
public void setSelectedVal(String selectedVal) {
this.selectedVal = selectedVal;
}
@Override
public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
JspWriter out = pageContext.getOut();
try {
out.write(toTHML());
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
}
return super.doStartTag();
}
/**
* 拼接出下拉列表对应的select的html代码
* @return
* @throws NoSuchMethodException
* @throws InvocationTargetException
* @throws IllegalAccessException
* @throws SecurityException
* @throws NoSuchFieldException
*/
private String toTHML() throws IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, NoSuchMethodException, NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer();
sb.append("<select id='"+id+"' name='"+name+"'>");
if(!(headTextKey==null || "".equals(headTextKey) || headTextVal==null || headTextVal.equals(""))) {
sb.append("<option value='"+headTextKey+"' selected>"+headTextVal+" </option> ");
}
String val;
String html;
for (Object obj : items) {
//让学生id存入数据库，让学生的名字展示
Field declaredField = obj.getClass().getDeclaredField(textKey);
declaredField.setAccessible(true);
val =(String) declaredField.get(obj);
html=BeanUtils.getProperty(obj, textVal);
if(val.equals(selectedVal)) {
sb.append("<option value='"+val+"' selected>"+html+" </option>");
}else {
sb.append("<option value='"+val+"' >"+html+"</option> ");
}
}
sb.append("</select>");
return sb.toString();
}
}
学生实体类
package com.likang.jsp;
public class Student {
private String sid;
private String sname;
public Integer age;
public Student() {
super();
System.out.println("调用无参构造方法创建了一个学生对象");
}
public Student(String sid) {
super();
this.sid = sid;
System.out.println("调用带一个参数的构造方法创建了一个学生对象");
}
public Student(String sid, String sname) {
super();
this.sid = sid;
this.sname = sname;
System.out.println("调用带二个参数的构造方法创建了一个学生对象");
}
@SuppressWarnings("unused")
private Student(Integer age) {
System.out.println("调用Student类私有的构造方法创建一个学生对象");
this.age = age;
}
public String getSid() {
return sid;
}
public void setSid(String sid) {
this.sid = sid;
}
public String getSname() {
return sname;
}
public void setSname(String sname) {
this.sname = sname;
}
public void hello() {
System.out.println("你好！我是" + this.sname);
}
public void hello(String name) {
System.out.println(name + "你好！我是" + this.sname);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unused")
private Integer add(Integer a, Integer b) {
return new Integer(a.intValue() + b.intValue());
}
}
tld文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<taglib xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-jsptaglibrary_2_0.xsd"
version="2.0">
<description>zking 1.1 core library</description>
<display-name>zking core</display-name>
<tlib-version>1.1</tlib-version>
<short-name>z</short-name>
<uri>/lk</uri>
<tag>
<!-- 标签库中的标签(类似c:set c:out的定义) -->
<name>set</name>
<!-- 是标签运行的具体代码,也就是助手类,下面填写的是助手类的全路径名 -->
<tag-class>com.likang.jsp.SetTag</tag-class>
<body-content>JSP</body-content>
<attribute>
<!-- 该标签的属性 -->
<name>var</name>
<!-- 该属性是否必填 -->
<required>true</required>
<!-- 是否支持表达式 -->
<rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
<attribute>
<name>value</name>
<required>true</required>
<rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
</tag>
<tag>
<name>out</name>
<tag-class>com.likang.jsp.OutTag</tag-class>
<body-content>JSP</body-content>
<attribute>
<name>value</name>
<required>true</required>
<rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
</tag>
<tag>
<name>if</name>
<tag-class>com.likang.jsp.IfTag</tag-class>
<body-content>JSP</body-content>
<attribute>
<name>test</name>
<required>true</required>
<rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
</tag>
<tag>
<name>foreach</name>
<tag-class>com.likang.jsp.ForeachTag</tag-class>
<body-content>JSP</body-content>
<attribute>
<name>var</name>
<required>true</required>
<rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
<attribute>
<name>items</name>
<required>true</required>
<rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
</tag>
<tag>
<name>select</name>
<tag-class>com.likang.jsp.SelectTag</tag-class>
<body-content>JSP</body-content>
<attribute>
<name>id</name>
<required>false</required>
<rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
<attribute>
<name>name</name>
<required>false</required>
<rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
<attribute>
<name>items</name>
<required>true</required>
<rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
<attribute>
<name>textKey</name>
<required>true</required>
<rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
<attribute>
<name>textVal</name>
<required>true</required>
<rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
<attribute>
<name>headTextKey</name>
<required>false</required>
<rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
<attribute>
<name>headTextVal</name>
<required>false</required>
<rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
<attribute>
<name>selectedVal</name>
<required>false</required>
<rtexprvalue>false</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
</tag>
</taglib>
jsp页面
<%@page import="com.likang.jsp.Student"%>
<%@page import="java.util.ArrayList"%>
<%@page import="java.util.List"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/lk" prefix="x"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<x:set var="name" value="无极剑圣"></x:set>
<x:out value="${name}"></x:out>
<x:if test="true">你好</x:if>
<x:if test="false">去世</x:if>
<%
List list=new ArrayList();
list.add(new Student("s001","无极剑圣"));
list.add(new Student("s004","无双剑姬"));
list.add(new Student("s003","暗裔剑魔"));
list.add(new Student("s002","疾风剑豪"));
request.setAttribute("stus", list);
%>
<br>
<x:foreach items="${stus }" var="stu">
${stu.sid },${stu.sname}<br>
</x:foreach>
<x:select textVal="sname" selectedVal="s004" headTextKey="-1" headTextVal="请选择" items="${stus }" textKey="sid"></x:select>
</body>
</html>
结果如下
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