Android——观察者模式的使用

观察者模式的使用

大致需要四步：

1.提供观察者接口，用来更新update数据

/**观察者接口，给那些观察者数据变化发生时候的更新
 * Created by PeLon on 2017/7/28.
 */

public interface Observer {
    public void update(Subject subject);
}

2.创建具体的观察者，实现该接口，具体实现接口的更新方法
（可以设置观察者名字，根据目标对象提醒要做的事情）

public class ConcreObserver implements Observer {
    //观察者名字
    private String name;

    private Context context;

    //获取目标类的状态同步到观察者的状态中
    private String WeatherContent;

    //提醒要做的事情

    private String remindThing;

    public ConcreObserver(Context context) {
        this.context=context;
    }

    public ConcreObserver(String name, String weatherContent, String remindThing) {
        this.name = name;
        WeatherContent = weatherContent;
        this.remindThing = remindThing;
    }

    @Override
    public void update(Subject subject) {
       WeatherContent=((ConcreSubject)subject).getWeatherContent();
        String str=name+"收到了天气情况："+WeatherContent+"准备"+remindThing+"\n";
        Intent intent=new Intent();
        intent.setAction("a");
        intent.putExtra("response",str);
        context.sendBroadcast(intent);
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getWeatherContent() {
        return WeatherContent;
    }

    public void setWeatherContent(String weatherContent) {
        WeatherContent = weatherContent;
    }

    public String getRemindThing() {
        return remindThing;
    }

    public void setRemindThing(String remindThing) {
        this.remindThing = remindThing;
    }
}

3.创建目标对象（被观察的）subject，添加加入、删除、提醒所有观察者的方法

/**目标对象，将观察者放入集合内，并添加加入、删除的借口
 * Created by PeLon on 2017/7/28.
 */

public class Subject {
    private List<Observer> list=new ArrayList<>();

    public void attach(Observer observer)
    {
        list.add(observer);

    }
    public void deleteObserver(Observer observer)
    {
        list.remove(observer);

    }

    public  void notifyObservers()
    {
        for (Observer observer:list)
        {
            observer.update(this);
        }
    }


}

4.创建具体目标对象，继承subject，获得具体目标对象内容（天气），并且在设置的时候

this.notify通知所有观察者。

public class ConcreSubject extends Subject {

   //获得具体目标对象内容，并且在设置的时候通知观察者
    //获得的天气情况
    private String WeatherContent;

    public ConcreSubject() {
    }

    public void setConcerSubjectState(String WeatherContent) {
        this.WeatherContent = WeatherContent;
        this.notifyObservers();
    }

    public String getWeatherContent() {
        return WeatherContent;
    }
}

在activity中调用

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private ConcreObserver observer,observer2;
    private EditText text;
    private TextView textView;
    private Button button;
    private StringBuffer buffer=new StringBuffer();
    private BroadcastReceiver receiver=new BroadcastReceiver() {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            String string=intent.getStringExtra("response");
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, string,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            buffer.append(string);
            textView.setText(buffer.toString());
        }
    };
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        text= (EditText) findViewById(R.id.edittext);
        button= (Button) findViewById(R.id.send);
        textView= (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textview);

        IntentFilter filter=new IntentFilter();
        filter.addAction("a");
        registerReceiver(receiver,filter);

        //1.创建目标对象
        final ConcreSubject weather=new ConcreSubject();

        //2.创建观察者
        observer=new ConcreObserver(this);
        observer.setName("妈妈：");
        observer.setRemindThing("适合购物");

        observer2=new ConcreObserver(this);
        observer2.setName("女朋友：");
        observer2.setRemindThing("适合约会");

        //3.注册观察者
        weather.attach(observer);
        weather.attach(observer2);


        //4.发送目标

        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                String weathercontent=text.getText().toString().trim();
                weather.setConcerSubjectState(weathercontent);

            }
        });

同样是一个天气情况，观察天气情况两个观察者做出不一样的选择，这便是观察者模式的一种体现。